Tuesday, 28 January 2025

Stocks, AI’s Bubble Bust? China’s DeepSeek Blows Up AI.

Baltic Dry Index. 761 -17            Brent Crude 77.45

Spot Gold 2741               US 2 Year Yield 4.17 -0.10  

US Federal Debt. 36.406 trillion!

‘Let China Sleep, For When She Wakes, She Will Shake The World’

Napoleon Bonaparte.

Little need for my input this morning. A six million dollar Chinese start-up blew up the Great Artificial Intelligence Bubble.

Later today a dead cat bounce, or panic selling?

But exactly where are all those paper losses? Who’s gone bust but is pretending to be solvent?

What exactly are the magnificent seven really worth?

Hong Kong stocks rise after AI sell-off fueled by China’s DeepSeek drags Wall Street lower

Updated Tue, Jan 28 2025 12:19 AM EST

Hong Kong stocks rose Tuesday after Wall Street saw a massive drop in shares of tech companies, while several Asia-Pacific markets were closed for the Lunar New Year holiday.

Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index traded 0.14% higher.

Japan’s Nikkei 225 dropped 1.34% while the Topix erased losses to trade flat.

Japan’s chip-related stocks extended losses for a second day as Chinese AI startup DeepSeek’s challenge to America’s global leadership in artificial intelligence threatens Asian tech companies part of the U.S. AI value chain. Advantest lost 11%. Tokyo Electron fell 4.88%, while Renesas Electronics dipped 3.07%.

India’s Nifty 50 benchmark and the BSE Sensex index began the day up 0.36% and 0.54%, respectively. The Reserve Bank of India on Monday announced a slew of plans to pump more than $17 billion into the financial ecosystem through measures including bond purchases and currency swaps.

Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 ended the day 0.12% lower at 8,399.1, after gains in the previous session. Weakness in gold miners, energy and technology stocks was partially offset by gains in iron ore miners and financial players.

Taiwan, South Korean and Chinese markets are closed for holidays.

Overnight in the U.S., the S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite plunged on concerns about an artificial intelligence stock bubble popping because of the emergence of Chinese startup DeepSeek, which has possibly made a competitive AI model at a fraction of the cost of Silicon Valley models.

The Nasdaq Composite lost 3.07%, falling to 19,341.83, and the S&P 500 slid 1.46% to 6,012.28. The Dow Jones Industrial Average added 289.33 points, or 0.65%, to close at 44,713.58. Gains in AppleJohnson & Johnson and Travelers helped lift the 30-stock index.

Nvidia lost close to $600 billion in market cap on Monday, the biggest drop for any company on a single day in U.S. history.

Asia markets live: DeepSeek, Japan chip stocks

Chinese AI threat triggers $1 trillion market crash

27 January 2025 • 6:15pm

A breakthrough Chinese chatbot has sparked alarm about the country’s advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and wiped close to $1 trillion off global stock markets.

A heavily-censored Chinese chatbot called DeepSeek shot to the top of Western app download charts on Monday in what was described as a “Sputnik moment” for AI.

American technology stocks tumbled in response, driven by fears that heavy-spending on AI by Silicon Valley companies that has been championed by Donald Trump will fail to yield profits for investors.

California’s Nvidia, the semiconductor giant that has become the world’s most valuable company on the back of the AI boom, at one point slumped by more than $600 billion in the biggest one-day loss of value for a single company in history.

DeepSeek, a chatbot that strictly toes Beijing’s line on issues from human rights to Taiwan,  is seen as the first Chinese AI to rival those developed by US tech giants such as Google, OpenAI and Facebook’s owner Meta.

The Chinese AI’s inventors claim it was developed using far less computing power than rival systems and despite trade restrictions blocking China from accessing the most advanced AI supercomputer components.

President Trump’s AI tsar David Sacks said DeepSeek showed “the AI race will be very competitive”. He said: “I’m confident in the US but we can’t be complacent.”

The Prime Minister’s spokesman downplayed suggestions the UK was at risk of being left behind, saying Britain had “significant strengths in AI” and “some very strong players in the market”. Sir Keir Starmer has said the UK should become one of the “great AI superpowers”. 

US tech companies have committed to spending hundreds of billions in the belief that building super-human AI will require unprecedented investments in data centres, electricity and microchips.

Last week Donald Trump hailed a $500 billion (£400 billion) plan by the tech companies OpenAI, SoftBank and Oracle as the “largest AI infrastructure project in history”. In contrast, DeepSeek claims that one of its recent systems cost just $5.6 million to develop.

The claim sparked alarm about possible overspending by US companies. America’s Nasdaq stock market fell by more than 3 per cent on Monday, with the drop at one point wiping more than $1 trillion off the index of technology stocks. Shares in Nvidia fell by more than 15 per cent. 

Marc Andreessen, the Trump-backing Silicon Valley venture capitalist, said DeepSeek’s latest “R1” system was “one of the most amazing and impressive breakthroughs I’ve ever seen” and called it “AI’s Sputnik moment”, in reference to the Soviet satellite that shocked the Western world in 1957 and accelerated the Cold War space race.

More

Chinese AI threat triggers $1 trillion market crash

Nvidia Loses $589 Billion as DeepSeek Batters Stock

January 27, 2025 at 11:33 PM GMT

Wall Street had a shock to the system on concerns that a cheap artificial intelligence-model from Chinese startup DeepSeek could make valuations that have powered the bull market tough to justify. From New York to London and Tokyo, equities got hit hard on Monday. And while the slide did come after a torrid rally, the underlying reasons behind Monday’s rout could cause longer-term damage. The Nasdaq 100 sank 3% while the S&P 500 dropped 1.5%. A closely watched gauge of chipmakers also plunged the most since March 2020. Nvidia, heretofore the posterchild of America’s AI frenzy, sank 17%—the biggest market-cap loss for a single stock ever. But no hard feelings says Jensen Huang: Nvidia’s CEO just called DeepSeek’s latest innovation “excellent.” Natasha Solo-Lyons

Nvidia Loses $589 Billion as DeepSeek Batters Stock: Evening Briefing Americas - Bloomberg

Finally, tech stocks. Just how many more DeepSeek AI firms has China (Japan, South Korea, UK, the EU, Australia, Canada, your tech nation here,) got, still to come in the years ahead?

CNBC Daily Open: Nvidia plunges as DeepSeek triggers questions on its value

Published Mon, Jan 27 2025 8:35 PM EST

What you need to know today

$600 billion plunge in Nvidia
Nvidia shares plunged nearly 17% on Monday, its worst day since March 2020, on concerns raised by China’s DeepSeek artificial intelligence model. The chipmaker lost close to $600 billion in market cap, the biggest drop for any company on a single day in U.S. history. Other stocks related to AI, such as MicronArm Holdings and Broadcom in the U.S., as well as ASML and Tokyo Electron in global markets, also fell sharply.

DeepSeek raises questions on AI investments
Chinese AI startup DeepSeek on Monday released its reasoning model R1, which rivals OpenAI’s o1. Its main claim to fame is that the model was built with chips less powerful than those U.S. AI firms use and could have cost less than 10% of Meta’s Llama, according to estimates by Jefferies analysts. That fanned fears that the huge investments into AI by U.S. firms are unwarranted and a bubble waiting to pop.

Energy shares fizzle out
Power companies most exposed to the tech sector’s data center boom plunged Monday, as DeepSeek’s claims led investors to question how much energy artificial intelligence applications will actually consume. Vistra closed nearly 30% lower while Talen Energy and GE Vernova tumbled more than 20%. All three stocks gave up this year’s gains.

Tech shares battered
Major U.S. benchmarks 
fell Monday on a broad retreat by semiconductor and AI-related stocks, though the Dow Jones Industrial Average managed to advance. The pan-European Stoxx 600 index ticked down 0.07%, recovering from steep losses earlier. But stocks with ties AI, such as Siemens Energy and Schneider Electric, ended the day sharply lower.

[PRO] Nvidia sell-off an ‘overreaction’: Tom Lee
Nvidia’s slump is “an overreaction” at a scale close to the 2020 pandemic-sparked sell-off, Tom Lee, head of research at Fundstrat Global Advisors, told CNBC. Here’s why Lee isn’t changing his mind on Nvidia for now.

The bottom line

The Nvidia rout, triggered by DeepSeek-induced worries that AI models don’t actually need billions of dollars’ worth of expensive chips, is deep and scary. There’s no other way of putting it.

Prior to Monday, the chipmaker was the most valuable publicly traded company. After the sell-off, which wiped close to $600 billion in Nvidia’s market capitalization, the company dropped to third place, behind Apple and Microsoft.

To put that tectonic shift into context, Nvidia’s plummet in market cap is larger than the entire market value of Netflix and double that of Wells Fargo, noted CNBC’s Adrian van Hauwermeiren.

And it matters for investors because Nvidia, in all likelihood, holds a place in their portfolios, considering how much the stock market has relied on the chipmaker for its gains the past two years. Even if investors, for some reason, are not exposed to Nvidia, its shares are among the top 15 holdings of 469 exchange traded funds, according to VettaFi, added van Hauwermeiren.

Nvidia aside, other AI-adjacent plays fell steeply, causing the tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite to slide 3.07%. The S&P 500 lost 1.46%. However, the Dow Jones Industrial Average, which climbed 0.65%, was somewhat shielded from the Monday bloodbath by gains in Apple, Johnson & Johnson and Travelers.

“It’s a good example of selling first and asking questions later, and investors sort of feeling that valuations are a bit stretched for technology in general and for semiconductors in particular,” said Sam Stovall, chief investment strategist at CFRA Research.

 “We’re going to have volatility, especially when we’re dealing with a richly valued market and exogenous events,” Stovall added.

Indeed, the CBOE VIX index — which measures the strength of 30-day price changes of the S&P and is hence seen as Wall Street’s fear gauge — jumped by 20.5% on Monday, though it managed to dip from the 45% increase earlier in the day.

More

CNBC Daily Open: Nvidia plunges as DeepSeek triggers questions on its value

How China’s new AI model DeepSeek is threatening U.S. dominance

Published Fri, Jan 24 2025 8:00 AM EST Updated Mon, Jan 27 2025 12:03 PM EST

A little-known artificial intelligence lab out of China has ignited panic throughout Silicon Valley after releasing AI models that can outperform America’s best despite being built more cheaply and with less-powerful chips. 

DeepSeek, as the lab is called, unveiled a free, open-source large language model in late December that it says took only two months and less than $6 million to build, using reduced-capability chips from Nvidia called H800s. 

The new developments have raised alarms on whether America’s global lead in artificial intelligence is shrinking and called into question Big Tech’s massive spend on building AI models and data centers. 

In a set of third-party benchmark tests, DeepSeek’s model outperformed Meta’s Llama 3.1, OpenAI’s GPT-4o and Anthropic’s Claude Sonnet 3.5 in accuracy ranging from complex problem-solving to math and coding. 

DeepSeek on Monday released R1, a reasoning model that also outperformed OpenAI’s latest o1 in many of those third-party tests.

“To see the DeepSeek new model, it’s super impressive in terms of both how they have really effectively done an open-source model that does this inference-time compute, and is super-compute efficient,” Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella said at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, on Wednesday. “We should take the developments out of China very, very seriously.” 

DeepSeek also had to navigate the strict semiconductor restrictions that the U.S. government has imposed on China, cutting the country off from access to the most powerful chips, like Nvidia’s H100s. The latest advancements suggest that DeepSeek either found a way to work around the rules, or that the export controls were not the chokehold Washington intended.

More

How China’s new AI model DeepSeek is threatening U.S. dominance

Low-Cost Chinese AI Model Worries Tech Investors

Jan. 27, 2025 7:10 AM ET

DeepSeek fears

The artificial intelligence boom has pushed companies to spend billions of dollars to maintain their edge. But the global race has taken a surprising turn, with Chinese AI startup DeepSeek's large language model outperforming American rivals and stirring up fears of China overtaking the U.S. in the burgeoning new technology.

Backdrop: DeepSeek's latest LLM - called R1 - has outperformed models from established rivals like Microsoft (
MSFT)-backed OpenAI, Meta (META) and Anthropic, which have spent billions of dollars to scale up their LLMs. DeepSeek's first open-source LLM - DeepSeek V3, released last December - took less than $6M to build, using Nvidia's (NVDA) H800 chips for training. The R1, built off the V3, is developed to perform complex reasoning and rivals OpenAI's o1.

Bigger picture: "The new model is cost-effective and runs on reduced-capability chips," Saxo analysts noted. "The development raises questions about the high valuations of leading AI companies like Nvidia and the investment case for the entire AI supply chain." Also, DeepSeek's LLMs have been developed despite U.S. export controls to limit China's access to the advanced chips needed for AI work. "DeepSeek's recent progress shows that the perceived lead the U.S. once had has narrowed significantly," said Alvin Wang Graylin, a tech expert serving as global VP at Taiwanese firm HTC. 

On the move: Doubts over U.S. dominance in the AI space, coupled with high stock valuations, dragged the tech-heavy Nasdaq 100 futures (
US100:IND) down 4.3% on Monday. Many tech stocks are sliding before the bell, led by AI darling Nvidia's (NVDA) near 12% drop. Other notable decliners: AMD (AMD) -6.5%, Meta (META) -6%, Amazon (AMZN) -5%, Alphabet (GOOGL) (GOOG) -4%, Tesla (TSLA) -4%. Take the WSB survey here.

Low-Cost Chinese AI Model Worries Tech Investors | Seeking Alpha

To suppose that the value of a common stock is determined purely by a corporation's earnings discounted by the relevant interest rates and adjusted for the marginal tax rate is to forget that people have burned witches, gone to war on a whim, risen to the defense of Joseph Stalin and believed Orson Welles when he told them over the radio that the Martians had landed.

James Grant.

Global Inflation/Stagflation/Recession Watch.

Given our Magic Money Tree central banksters and our spendthrift politicians, inflation now needs an entire section of its own.

China Factory Activity Shrinks Ahead of Lunar New Year

January 27, 2025

China’s official gauge of factory activity tumbled into contractionary territory in January as factories suspended operations days ahead of the Lunar New Year holiday.

The manufacturing purchasing managers index fell to 49.1 in January from 50.1 in December, according to data released Monday by the National Bureau of Statistics.

That ended a three-month streak of the gauge staying above the 50 mark separating expansion from contraction. The reading fell short of the 50.2 forecast of economists polled by The Wall Street Journal and was the lowest level in five months.

Both production and demand in the manufacturing sector slowed as workers went home for the Lunar New Year holiday that starts on Tuesday, said Zhao Qinghe, a statistician with the statistics bureau.

The production subindex dropped to 49.8 in January from 52.1 in December. The subindex for total new orders declined to 49.2 in January from December’s 51.0, and new export orders fell to 46.4, compared with 48.3 in December.

“Part of the slowdown may be due to weaker external demand, as the new export orders index dropped to the lowest level since March last year,” said Zhiwei Zhang, an economist at Pinpoint Asset Management.

More observation is needed to determine whether the slowdown in external demand is due to slower front-loading of exports or is a seasonal effect of the holiday period, Zhang said.

Also released Monday was China’s industrial profit, which fell 3.3% in 2024, worsening from the 2.3% decline a year earlier. On a positive note, industrial profit rebounded 11.0% in December, reversing the 7.3% drop in November thanks to Beijing’s stimulus measures introduced in the final quarter of 2024 to boost the economy.

Meanwhile, China’s nonmanufacturing PMI, which covers both services and construction activity, declined to 50.2 in January versus 52.2 in December, the statistics bureau said.

The subindex tracking services activity dropped to 50.3 in January from 52.0 in December, while the construction subindex tumbled to 49.3 from 53.2.

Sectors such as transportation, hotel and catering got a boost due to the Lunar New Year holiday in January, but construction activity was damped by the holiday and cold weather, China’s statistics bureau said.

China Factory Activity Shrinks Ahead of Lunar New Year

Recession fears grow as companies prepare to ramp up staff cuts

Businesses’ low confidence and growing costs complicate the Bank’s coming decision on rates

27 January 2025

Fears of a recession are growing as business chiefs warned they will be forced to ramp up job cuts as Rachel Reeves’s tax raid hits growth.

Bosses in the private sector said they expected a “significant fall” in activity over the next three months, according to a survey by the Confederation of British Industry (CBI).

Businesses across all main sectors including manufacturing, services and retail forecast a decline in January, having fallen over the previous three-month period, it said. 

Companies are now cutting staff, moving jobs overseas and curbing investment as they battle to cut costs and offset the impact of the Chancellor’s looming tax changes, the CBI warned.

Alpesh Paleja, an economist at the CBI, said: “After a grim lead-up to Christmas, the New Year hasn’t brought any sense of renewal.

“There is an urgent need to get momentum back into the economy. The Government can help shift the UK’s economic narrative with more determined focus on measures that could drive growth.”

More, subscription required.

Recession fears grow as companies prepare to ramp up staff cuts

Covid-19 Corner

This section will continue until it becomes unneeded.

CIA reveals what they think started Covid-19 pandemic

January 26, 2025

The Covid-19 pandemic was triggered by a leak from a Chinese lab, the CIA now believes.

It is the first time the American intelligence agency has settled on a stance about the origin of the virus that led to lockdowns worldwide at the beginning of the decade, NBC News reported.

Previously, it did not take a position on where the virus – which is responsible for more than seven million deaths – came from.

‘CIA assesses with low confidence that a research-related origin of the Covid-19 pandemic is more likely than a natural origin based on the available body of reporting,’ a spokesperson for the agency said.

‘CIA continues to assess that both research-related and natural origin scenarios of the Covid-19 pandemic remain plausible.’

The news emerged a day after John Radcliffe, the new director of the CIA, was confirmed.

Speaking on Friday, he said he believes US intelligence and science points to the origin of Covid being an accidental release, or ‘lab leak’, from the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV), a research institution in the namesake Chinese city.

It is the location where the outbreak was first observed in late 2019.

The new assessment isn’t based on new information, but rather on a review of existing information, NBC News reported.

According to the broadcaster, the review started in the closing weeks of Joe Biden’s administration and was completed before Donald Trump took office on January 20.

The question of how Covid-19 developed has been long debated.

Some, including former National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases chief Anthony Fauci, believe it crossed over naturally to humans from bats or another intermediate species.

Meanwhile, there has been growing support for the theory that the virus was leaked from a Chinese lab.

This is supported by many in Donald Trump’s administration and staff for the House Committee for Government Oversight and Reform.

They believe it escaped from research activities in the region, citing the location of the outbreak, as well as US documents describing the work at WIV on similar viruses.

China has always denied that the pandemic was caused by a lab leak and insists it happened naturally.

The New York Times reported that the CIA believes China’s leadership doesn’t know and doesn’t want to know the origin of the virus.

More

CIA reveals what they think started Covid-19 pandemic

Technology Update.

With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, among other things, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported.

Scientists discover new, 3rd form of magnetism that may be the 'missing link' in the quest for superconductivity

January 23, 2025

Researchers have obtained the first conclusive evidence of an elusive third class of magnetism, called altermagnetism. Their findings, published Dec. 11 in the journal Nature, could revolutionize the design of new high-speed magnetic memory devices and provide the missing puzzle piece in the development of better superconducting materials.

"We have previously had two well-established types of magnetism," study author Oliver Amin, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Nottingham in the U.K., told Live Science. "Ferromagnetism, where the magnetic moments, which you can picture like small compass arrows on the atomic scale, all point in the same direction. And antiferromagnetism, where the neighboring magnetic moments point in opposite directions — you can picture that more like a chessboard of alternating white and black tiles."

Electron spins within an electrical current must point in one of two directions and can align with or against these magnetic moments to store or carry information, forming the basis of magnetic memory devices.

A new form of magnetism

Altermagnetic materials, first theorized in 2022, have a structure that sits somewhere in between. Each individual magnetic moment points in the opposite direction as its neighbor, as in an antiferromagnetic material. But each unit is slightly twisted relative to this adjacent magnetic atom, resulting in some ferromagnetic-like properties.

Altermagnets, therefore, combine the best properties of both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials. "The benefit of ferromagnets is that we have an easy way of reading and writing memory using these up or down domains," study co-author Alfred Dal Din, a doctoral student also at the University of Nottingham, told Live Science. "But because these materials have a net magnetism, that information is also easy to lose by wiping a magnet over it."

Conversely, antiferromagnetic materials are much more challenging to manipulate for information storage. Because they have a net zero magnetism, however, information in these materials is much more secure and faster to carry. "Altermagnets have the speed and resilience of an antiferromagnet, but they also have this important property of ferromagnets called time reversal symmetry breaking," Dal Din said.

This mind-bending property looks at the symmetry of objects moving forward and backward in time. "For example, gas particles fly around, randomly colliding and filling up the space," Amin said. "If you rewind time, that behavior looks no different."”

This means the symmetry is conserved. However, because electrons possess both a quantum spin and a magnetic moment, reversing time — and, therefore, the direction of travel — flips the spin, meaning the symmetry is broken. "If you look at those two electron systems — one where time is progressing normally and one where you're in rewind — they look different, so the symmetry is broken," Amin explained. "This allows certain electrical phenomena to exist."

Finding ‘the missing link’ of superconductivity

The team — led by Peter Wadley, a professor of physics at the University of Nottingham — used a technique called photoemission electron microscopy to image the structure and magnetic properties of manganese telluride, a material formerly believed to be antiferromagnetic.

"Different aspects of the magnetism become illuminated depending on the polarization of the X-rays we choose," Amin said. Circularly polarized light revealed the different magnetic domains created by the time reversal symmetry breaking, while horizontally or vertically polarized X-rays allowed the team to measure the direction of the magnetic moments throughout the material. By combining the results of both experiments, the researchers created the first-ever map of the different magnetic domains and structures within an altermagnetic material.

With this proof of concept in place, the team fabricated a series of altermagnetic devices by manipulating the internal magnetic structures through a controlled thermal cycling technique.

"We were able to form these exotic vortex textures in both hexagonal and triangular devices," Amin said. "These vortices are gaining more and more attention within spintronics as potential carriers of information, so this was a nice first example of how to create a practical device."

The study authors said the power to both image and control this new form of magnetism could revolutionize the design of next-generation memory devices, with increased operational speeds and enhanced resilience and ease of use.

"Altermagnetism will also help with the development of superconductivity," Dal Din said. "For a long time, there's been a hole in the symmetries between these two areas, and this class of magnetic material that has remained elusive up until now turns out to be this missing link in the puzzle."

Scientists discover new, 3rd form of magnetism that may be the 'missing link' in the quest for superconductivity

Next, the world global debt clock. Nations debts to GDP compared.

World Debt Clocks (usdebtclock.org)

With all this consumer debt, business debt, government debt, smaller movements in interest rates have a magnified effect. a small movement can tip the boat.

Bill Gross.

No comments:

Post a Comment