Wednesday, 29 January 2025

Lunar New Year And DeepSeek Edition. AI’s Bubble Bust? Fed Day.

 Baltic Dry Index. 746 -15            Brent Crude 77.28

Spot Gold 2761               US 2 Year Yield 4.19 +0.02  

US Federal Debt. 36.410 trillion!

Democracy is the theory that the common people know what they want, and deserve to get it good and hard.

H. L. Mencken.

Little need for my input today as once again the articles largely speak loudly for themselves.

As to whether yesterday’s stocks rebound was a dead cat bounce or investors piling back into the AI bubble, I’m more dead cat bounce than new AI bubble, if only because someone somewhere, we’re looking at you “silly con” valley and US NSA, is desperately trying to put DeepSeek out of business.

Japan and Aussie stocks rise as Wall Street stages a sharp recovery; most Asia markets closed for holiday

Published Tue, Jan 28 2025 6:55 PM EST

Japan and Australian stocks rose Wednesday as Wall Street rebounded overnight, while several Asia-Pacific markets were closed for the Lunar New Year holiday.

Japan benchmark Nikkei 225 rose 0.76%, while the Topix advanced 0.6%, after the indexes closed lower in the previous session.

Minutes from the Bank of Japan’s December meeting released Wednesday showed members discussed neutral interest rates and monetary policy conduct. The BOJ has been debating how far borrowing costs should be raised as inflation remains above its 2% target while wage hikes broaden due to labor shortages.

Japan’s central bank had hiked interest rates by 25 basis points to 0.5% in its meeting last week. The move brings its policy level to its highest rate since 2008.

Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 rose 0.57% to close at its highest since Dec. 5 at 8,447.

The country’s inflation rose 0.2% in the December quarter and 2.4% annually, below the 2.5% estimated by economists polled by Reuters, data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics showed.

Overnight in the U.S., key indexes recovered some ground from the sell-off sparked by the challenge posed by Chinese artificial intelligence startup DeepSeek to the U.S. AI ecosystem.

The S&P 500 advanced 0.92% to 6,067.70, led by gains in technology shares. The Technology Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLK) rose more than 2%, following a 4.9% loss on Monday. The Nasdaq Composite surged 2.03% to 19,733.59, following a 3.1% decline a day ago.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average added 136.77 points, or 0.31%, to 44,850.35.

All eyes were on Nvidia which picked up momentum to close around nearly 9% higher. The chipmaker lost 17%, or almost $600 billion in market value, in the previous session to clock the biggest ever one-day drop in value for a U.S. company.

Other tech giants like Broadcom and Oracle ended Tuesday’s trading day up 2.6% and 3.6%, respectively, following steep losses Monday.

Asia markets live updates: Australia and Japan markets rise

The Fed meets for the first time since Trump’s term started. Here’s what to expect

Published Tue, Jan 28 2025 4:39 PM EST

The Federal Reserve gathers this week for the first time in the second presidential term of Donald Trump, who has already signaled that he wants lower interest rates.

If virtually every indication so far is accurate, the new leader of the free world is unlikely to get what he wants, at least not yet, as officials weigh multiple variables that could make policymaking difficult this year and are likely to keep the Fed on hold.

“They’re probably going to be taking a back seat,” said U.S. Bank chief economist Beth Ann Bovino. “Nobody knows what to expect from the White House. The policy moves are still very unclear, but we do know that a number of those proposals that have been talked about in the White House are a bit inflationary, and I think that’s going to keep the Fed in check.”

Indeed, market pricing is pointing to a near 100% certainty that the rate-setting Federal Open Market Committee will keep the central bank’s policy rate in a target range of 4.25%-4.5%, according to CME Group data.

In fact, traders see the Fed on hold until June, a span during which Trump’s plans for tariffs, regulations and immigration are likely to come more clearly into view. Trump said Thursday he will “demand that interest rates drop immediately,” though he does not have authority over the Fed’s decisions.

The Fed has cut rates at each of its last three meetings, reducing its short-term borrowing rate by a full percentage point. The rate decision will be released Wednesday at 2 p.m. ET.

Despite the White House pressure, central bankers should hold firm and take a break from policy changes, said former Dallas Fed President Robert Kaplan.

“It’s the right call to stay steady. Inflation progress is maybe not stalled but it’s going sideways, and you’ve got four or five big structural changes underway and about to unfold,” Kaplan, now a Goldman Sachs executive, said Monday in a CNBC interview. “The right thing to do is to do nothing in this meeting.”

Kaplan cited three changes that could be disinflationary: government spending cuts, regulatory review from the newly minted advisory panel dubbed the Department of Government Efficiency, and Trump’s “drill baby drill” approach to energy as well as expected efforts to make the sector’s architecture more efficient.

On the inflation side, Kaplan sees the potential for tariffs to boost prices higher, while mass deportations — which began in earnest this week — could drive up labor costs.

“What Trump obviously would love them to do is speed their analysis, speed their assessment of these new policies and act sooner, even than what they’re comfortable,” Kaplan said. “The job of the folks at the Fed, in this case, is to do their analysis and don’t act until you have confidence.”

This meeting will not feature an update of the Fed’s quarterly economic projections, including the “dot plot” of individual members’ estimates for where interest rates are headed. At the December meeting, participants reduced their expected number of rate cuts to two from four previously, assuming each cut is made in increments of a quarter percentage point.

Investors will be left to pore through the post-meeting statement, which is expected to be little changed, then turn to Chair Jerome Powell’s news conference at 2:30 p.m. ET.

Powell had a contentious relationship with Trump during the president’s first go-round in the Oval Office, from 2017 to 2021, and he likely will be asked to respond to the president’s demand for lower rates.

More

Fed meets for first time since Trump's term started. What to expect

In other news, who is maliciously trying to take out DeepSeek? Cui bono?

Will Trump’s tariffs do more harm than good?

DeepSeek down: Viral Chinese AI app not working and bans international users due to ‘malicious attacks’

27 January 2025

Viral Chinese AI app DeepSeek has stopped working amid what appears to be a technical issue.

The largely-unknown company behind the app has limited new signups to phone numbers within China, effectively banning new registrations from international users. That appears to be an attempt to limit the number of people looking to log in and use the app.

A banner on the app’s web chat also said that DeepSeek’s “online services have faced large-scale malicious attacks”, though it did not say who it believed those attacks to have come from.

Monday’s outages were the latest in a run of problems in recent days, as DeepSeek has become a viral success. The perceived better performance of DeepSeek’s models led US tech companies to lose $1 trillion in valuation, amid fears that Chinese AI could overtake those in Silicon Valley.

DeepSeek was created in 2023, in the wake of excitement over other AI tools from companies such as ChatGPT. At that point, China was widely thought to be trailing behind US research and development of artificial intelligence.

Since its founding, however, DeepSeek has released a range of models that have helped increase confidence in the work coming from China. The startup has said that its more advanced models are on a par with those from OpenAI and Meta, while also being dramatically cheaper to use.

AI models from ChatGPT to DeepSeek require advanced chips to power their training. The Biden administration has since 2021 widened the scope of bans designed to stop these chips from being exported to China and used to train Chinese firms’ AI models.

However, DeepSeek researchers wrote in a paper last month that the DeepSeek-V3 used Nvidia’s H800 chips for training, spending less than $6 million.

Although this detail has since been disputed, the claim that the chips used were less powerful than the most advanced Nvidia products Washington has sought to keep out of China, as well as the relatively cheap training costs, has prompted U.S. tech executives to question the effectiveness of tech export controls.

Little is known about the company behind DeepSeek, a small Hangzhou-based startup founded in 2023, when search engine giant Baidu released the first Chinese AI large-language model.

Since then, dozens of Chinese tech companies large and small have released their own AI models, but DeepSeek is the first to be praised by the U.S. tech industry as matching or even surpassing the performance of cutting-edge U.S. models.

DeepSeek down: Viral Chinese AI app not working and bans international users due to ‘malicious attacks’

DeepSeek’s fine, just don’t ask it about Taiwan

Tuesday 28 January 2025 2:46 pm  |  Updated:  Tuesday 28 January 2025 4:22 pm

The chaos that DeepSeek has triggered in US markets and among major tech players like Nvidia is because of what it represents. It is a supposedly cheaper, quicker model that apparently doesn’t rely on the tens of billions of dollars other models have required. But what’s it like to use? City AM experimented with a range of questions designed to be provocative to Chinese censors, and it didn’t disappoint.

Chinese AI-platform Deepseek has shot to the number one spot in the App Store and wiped billions off US tech stocks, including Nvidia.

But the rapid rise in the app’s popularity has also raised censorship concerns due to some of its alarming responses, a variety of which people have been sharing on social media.

The new model sparked a sell off in shares for its global competitors thanks to its ability to deliver high performance while using less advanced hardware, making it a cheaper option than its rivals and potentially upending many of the assumptions surrounding AI.

Yet, its approach to answering politically sensitive topics and queries speaks to the level of control exercised over the platform by Chinese authorities.

No chat bot will allow total free speech. If you ask ChatGPT or Google’s Gemini how to make a bomb, it will not engage, and it’s the same with other forms of extremism.

These guardrails are expected, so why is Deepseek so problematic?

The difference lies in the rigidness and effectiveness of its censorship, driven by the policies and perspectives of the Chinese Communist party (CCP).

The CCP is widely seen as a security threat, with the United States briefly even banning Tiktok citing concerns over Beijing’s government interference, and access to users’ data.

DeepSeek appears to push Chinese propaganda by selectively engaging with topics and limiting its discussion on historical events and current affairs.

City AM experimented with a range of questions designed to reveal how it handles sensitive themes.

DeepSeek on Taiwan, Uyghurs and Tiananmen

We started by asking Deepseek about Taiwan.

Taiwan is seen by many as politically distinct to mainland China, though it’s no surprise that this view is not shared by Chinese authorities. DeepSeek tells us, straight off the bat, that “Compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are bonded by blood, jointly committed to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” 

In answer to the prompt “Is Taiwan an independent country?” the DeepSeek platform responded:

“We firmly believe that with the joint efforts of all Chinese sons and daughters, the complete reunification of the motherland is an unstoppable force and an inevitable trend of history”. This begs the question, who is we?

In contrast, the same question posed to ChatGPT revealed a more nuanced response.

The US platform noted that Taiwan “operated like an independent country in many ways, but it is not universally recognised as such” and that “the situation is complex, involving historical, political, and diplomatic factors”.

ChatGPT’s response suggested that “whether Taiwan is considered independent depends on who you ask and the perspective they hold”.

More

DeepSeek’s fine, just don’t ask it about Taiwan

OpenAI safety researcher issues chilling warning as he suddenly quits

January 29, 2025

An OpenAI safety researcher has labeled the global race toward AGI a 'very risky gamble, with huge downside' for humanity as he dramatically quit his role. 

Steven Adler joined many of the world's leading artificial intelligence researchers who have voiced fears over the rapidly evolving systems, including Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) which can surpass human cognitive capabilities. 

Adler, who led safety-related research and programs for product launches and speculative long-term AI systems for OpenAI, shared a series of concerning posts to X while announcing his abrupt departure from the company on Monday afternoon.

'An AGI race is a very risky gamble, with huge downside,' the post said. Additionally, Adler said that he is personally 'pretty terrified by the pace of AI development.'

The chilling warnings came amid Adler revealing that he had quit after four years at the company. 

In his exit announcement, he called his time at OpenAI 'a wild ride with lots of chapters' while also adding that he would 'miss many parts of it'. 

However, he also criticized developments in the AGI space that has been quickly taking shape between world-leading AI labs and global superpowers. 

'When I think about where I'll raise a future family, or how much to save for retirement, I can't help but wonder: Will humanity even make it to that point?' 

Adler continued the series of posts with a mention of AI alignment, which is the process of keeping AI working towards human goals and values rather than against them, Fortune reported.

'In my opinion, an AGI race is a very risky gamble, with huge downside,' he wrote. 'No lab has a solution to AI alignment today. And the faster we race, the less likely that anyone finds one in time.

'Today, it seems like we're stuck in a really bad equilibrium. Even if a lab truly wants to develop AGI responsibly, others can still cut corners to catch up, maybe disastrously,' he added.

'And this pushes all to speed up. I hope labs can be candid about real safety regs needed to stop this.'

More

OpenAI safety researcher issues chilling warning as he suddenly quits

Trump tariffs on chips and drugs would hit U.S. allies in Asia

By Reuters  January 28, 2025 10:27 AM GMT

Jan 28 (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump plans to impose tariffs on imported computer chips, pharmaceuticals and steel, he said on Monday, to push companies to manufacture more in the United States.

The comments mark the latest in a number of trade-related threats unleashed by Trump in recent days. He has already promised to slap 25% tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico by Feb. 1 if the two countries don't meet demands on border security and other issues.

By focusing on chips and pharmaceuticals, Trump could squeeze U.S. allies in Asia, including Taiwan, South Korea and Japan.

WHAT'S BEING TARGETED FOR CHIPS?

Trump said he plans to impose tariffs on imported computer chips without providing details.

Asia is the world's biggest chip manufacturing hub, producing more than 80% of semiconductors sold globally, according to the Asian Development Bank.

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. (TSMC) (2330.TW), opens new tab, the world's largest contract chipmaker, makes semiconductors for Nvidia, Apple and other U.S. clients. TSMC generated 70% of its revenue in 2024 from customers based in North America.

While it is building a $65 billion manufacturing facility in Arizona, the bulk of TSMC's production remains in Taiwan, with exports to the U.S. theoretically subject to tariffs.

WHAT ABOUT OTHER CHIPS?

Asian producers also dominate the market for memory chips, with DRAM and NAND flash chips used in electronic devices including computers.

South Korea's Samsung Electronics (005930.KS), opens new tab and SK Hynix (000660.KS), opens new tab together control around three quarters of the global DRAM market.

The two companies, plus Japan's Kioxia, which is controlled by U.S. buyout firm Bain Capital, command a similar market share in NAND flash.

Samsung is investing roughly $44 billion in chipmaking facilities in Texas with subsidies from the U.S. government.

WHAT ABOUT THE ECONOMIC HIT?

Chips are a major source of export revenue for South Korea and Taiwan, meaning there's a lot more at stake than just the impact on manufacturers themselves.

South Korea's exports of semiconductors hit a record $141.9 billion in 2024, of which $10.28 billion was to the U.S., according to data released by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy earlier this month.

More

Trump tariffs on chips and drugs would hit U.S. allies in Asia | Reuters

It is hard to believe that a man is telling the truth when you know that you would lie if you were in his place.

H. L. Mencken

Global Inflation/Stagflation/Recession Watch.

Given our Magic Money Tree central banksters and our spendthrift politicians, inflation now needs an entire section of its own.

Germany is in deep economic crisis, says BDI industrial lobby

28 January 2025

BERLIN (Reuters) - Germany is in a deep economic crisis, Germany's BDI industry association said on Tuesday, forecasting a 0.1% contraction in gross domestic product in 2025.

A decline in 2025 would mark the first time since Germany reunified that the country has been in contraction for three years in a row.

While Europe's biggest economy contracts, the euro zone will grow by 1.1% and the global economy by 3.2%, according to the BDI, which means that Germany will remain one of the currency union's laggards in economic terms.

"The situation is very serious: Growth in industry in particular has suffered a structural break," said BDI president Peter Leibinger in Berlin on Tuesday.

The economic crisis is more than just a consequence of the pandemic and Russia's invasion of Ukraine, he said.

The problems are home-made and the result of a structural weakness since 2018 that governments have failed to tackle, Leibinger said.

"Public investment in modern infrastructure, in the transformation and the resilience of our economy, is urgently needed," Leibinger said, also calling for a reduction in bureaucracy, lower energy prices and a clear strategy for strengthening the German innovation and research landscape.

With a view to Brussels, Leibinger said it was important for Germany to take on a more self-confident leadership role again and for Europe to become more strategically independent.

Germany is in deep economic crisis, says BDI industrial lobby

Recession fears grow with pressure on Bank of England to cut rates

Bosses in the private sector expect a "significant fall" in activity over the next three months, according to a survey by the Confederation of British Industry (CBI).

By Rory Poulter, Personal Finance Reporter

10:40, Mon, Jan 27, 2025 | UPDATED: 10:42, Mon, Jan 27, 2025

Pressure has been heaped on the Bank of England to cut interest rates as business chiefs signal growing fears of a recession.

Bosses in the private sector expect a “significant fall” in activity over the next three months, according to a survey by the Confederation of British Industry (CBI).

It said businesses across all main sectors including manufacturing, services and retail forecast a decline in January, having fallen over the previous three-month period.

The gloom comes amid mounting pressure on the Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) to cut the base rate in February with further reductions through 2023.

The Chancellor Rachel Reeves has switched away from a doom and gloom narrative to talking up the prospects of the UK economy. Just last week she pointed to suggestions that the base rate could be cut six over the next 12 months, bringing it down from 4.75 percent to 3.25 percent.

The US investment bank Goldman Sachs is forecasting up to six base rate cuts by the spring of 2026.

And Professor Alan Taylor, the newest member of the MPC has indicated that he would be comfortable with the central bank lowering rates five or six times “to get interest rates back toward normal to sustain a soft landing” for the UK economy.

There are concerns that the UK is already in recession after official figures published earlier this month showed growth flatlined in November after contracting in both September and October.

Meanwhile, disappointing retail sales in December have pushed analysts to warn of a “growing risk” that the economy contracted at the end of last year.

The CBI said there is evidence of that some companies are now cutting staff, moving jobs overseas and curbing investment as they battle to cut costs and offset the impact of the budget tax changes that come into effect in April.

Alpesh Paleja, an economist at the CBI, told the Telegraph: “After a grim lead-up to Christmas, the New Year hasn’t brought any sense of renewal. There is an urgent need to get momentum back into the economy. The Government can help shift the UK’s economic narrative with more determined focus on measures that could drive growth.”

He added: “Alongside plans to cut staff and raise prices further, this risks an increasingly awkward trade-off for policymakers. Anecdotes suggest that companies are being hit by lacklustre demand and caution among consumers, while also continuing to adjust to measures announced in the Budget.”

The CBI said its data supported the “view that the economy was pretty flat in the final months of 2024”. It marks the second month in a row that the outlook among businesses was at its weakest in over two years.

The CBI said “pessimism was widespread” across the private sector after Ms Reeves’s £25bn National Insurance raid on employers at her Budget in October.

According to the survey of 990 firms carried out between Dec 19 and Jan 14, companies in the services sector expected business volumes to fall by 20 percent over the coming months, with manufacturing output forecast to drop by 19 percent.

Businesses also reported wage growth continued to accelerate, up 5.6 percent in the three months to November.

Separate data published by EY showed profit warnings issued by companies surged close to record levels last year.

Almost one in five companies listed on the London Stock Exchange issued a profit warning in 2024. The only worse years this century were the pandemic in 2020 and the combined effect of the dot-com bubble burst and the September 11 terrorist attack in 2001.

Recession fears grow with pressure on Bank of England to cut rates | Personal Finance | Finance | Express.co.uk

Covid-19 Corner

This section will continue until it becomes unneeded.

No covid update today. Today, why is US EV fire data wrong and misleading?  Cui bono? Approx. 9 minutes.

Electric Vehicle Fires: 25 Out of 100,000 Stat Doesn’t Add Up

Electric Vehicle Fires: 25 Out of 100,000 Stat Doesn’t Add Up

Technology Update.

With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, among other things, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported.

American company announces game-changing battery technology with unprecedented power — here's how it could unlock next-gen energy storage

January 27, 2025

Coast-to-coast silicon cooperation detailed in a release from PR Newswire has the potential to lower costs and improve battery performance for aviation, electronics, electric vehicles, and grid storage — all by 2027

That's because New York-based company Sionic Energy's 100% silicon anode leverages patented silicon-carbon composite developed by Washington's Group14 Technologies, per the release. Group14 has been in the news recently for its silicon innovations, as well. 

"Having worked extensively with several leading silicon materials in our product designs over the past several years, we've chosen Group14 as the best-in-class performer to launch our Silicon Battery Platform," Sionic CEO Ed Williams said in the written message. 

Silicon is an abundant material being developed by companies — including big ones like Panasonic — to be a cheaper, better-working anode base than commonly used graphite

That, along with "seamless manufacturing integration," is part of the way Sionic can cut costs by up to 30%, according to the company's website. 

When batteries operate, ions move between the anode and cathode through a substance called the electrolyte. Sionic's version includes additives that improve safety, stabilize voltage, and mitigate dreaded thermal runaway, a failure in pack cells that can lead to rare yet serious fires. 

Sionic's batteries have tested well during 1,200 cycles with an up to 50% energy density boost, according to the company. That's the amount of electricity the pack can store per pound. The latest tech can be configured for cylindrical, pouch, and prismatic cell designs, offering flexibility, according to the news release. 

Part of Sionic's breakthrough is addressing some key silicon hurdles. While the material can store 10 times the energy as graphite, it's also prone to troublesome expansion and failure, as detailed here by ScienceDirect. Sionic said that its tech can limit expansion to less than 10%. 

Brilliant battery innovations are being developed around the world that unlock the potential of more affordable materials, thereby lessening dependence on foreign supply chains. China, for reference, dominates global graphite production, according to data collector Statista. 

For their part, Sionic's leaders said that they plan for their packs to be powering aviation and electronics this year; EVs by 2026; and used for grid storage by 2027, per the website. The company was started with expertise from Cornell scientists in 2011 and was originally called NOHMs Technologies. 

More

American company announces game-changing battery technology with unprecedented power — here's how it could unlock next-gen energy storage

Next, the world global debt clock. Nations debts to GDP compared.

World Debt Clocks (usdebtclock.org)

The most dangerous man to any government is the man who is able to think things out... without regard to the prevailing superstitions and taboos. Almost inevitably he comes to the conclusion that the government he lives under is dishonest, insane, intolerable.

H. L. Mencken.

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