Wednesday, 4 December 2024

South Korea Turmoil. France On Edge. US Jobs Report Friday.

Baltic Dry Index. 1237 -61          Brent Crude  73.85

Spot Gold 2648                US 2 Year Yield 4.17  unch.

The government solution to a problem is usually as bad as the problem.

Milton Friedman.

In the stock casinos, trouble in South Korea, Australia and France. But will trouble spill over into Asia, and the EU, where former powerhouse Germany is also in deep political trouble facing elections in February?

Spill over to the USA, facing a likely difficult jobs report on Friday. Watch for previous month revisions now that the US elections are over.

South Korea stocks down around 2% as opposition prepares Yoon impeachment bill

Updated Wed, Dec 4 2024 12:32 AM EST

South Korean markets opened lower Wednesday, after a day of political upheaval in South Korea that saw President Yoon Suk Yeol impose and then lift a martial law decree within hours.

The country’s Kospi index was down 1.8%, and the Kosdaq fell 2.4% as calls for Yoon’s resignation from protestors and opposition parties intensified.

According to Reuters, a coalition of lawmakers from opposition parties are planning to propose a bill to impeach Yoon on Wednesday, which should be voted within 72 hours if introduced. Yoon’s chief of staff and senior secretaries have reportedly offered to resign en masse.

Amid fears of financial instability, the Bank of Korea said it would boost short-term liquidity and deploy measures to stabilize the FX market as required following an emergency board meeting. It will also make available any special loans needed to inject funds into the market, it added.

Earlier, Yonhap News Agency had reported that country’s top financial regulator was ready to deploy 10 trillion won ($7.07 billion) in a stock market stabilization fund at any time to calm market sentiment.

Meanwhile, South Korea’s foreign exchange authorities are suspected of selling U.S. dollars on the onshore market early Wednesday in efforts to limit declines in the Korean won, two dealers told Reuters.

Other Asia-Pacific markets were trading lower as investors digested events in South Korea.

Japan’s Nikkei 225 was down 0.4%, while the Topix dropped 0.4%.

Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index was trading 0.1% higher. Mainland China’s CSI 300 dropped 0.2%.

Investors also assessed GDP data out of Australia, which showed economic growth come in slower than expected in the third quarter, as elevated borrowing costs and sticky inflation continued to weigh on the country.

Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 fell 0.38% to end the trading day at 8,462.6.

In the U.S. overnight, South Korean stocks swung wildly amid the political upheaval that rocked the world’s 13th-largest economy.

The iShares MSCI South Korea ETF (EWY), which tracks more than 90 large and mid-sized companies in South Korea, tumbled as much as 7% to hit a 52-week low.

Later in the day, the ETF cut losses and closed Tuesday down 1.6% after Yoon said he would lift the emergency declaration following the National Assembly’s vote to overturn his martial law decree.

Meanwhile, the S&P 500 inched up by 0.05%, while the Nasdaq Composite added 0.4%. Both indexes closed at records. The 30-stock Dow was the laggard, with a decline of nearly 0.2%.

Asia markets live: South Korea martial law, Australia GDP

Amid political chaos, Bank of Korea says it will boost short-term liquidity and deploy measures to stabilize the FX market

Published Tue, Dec 3 2024 7:01 PM EST Updated 47 Min Ago

The Bank of Korea said Wednesday that it would boost short-term liquidity and deploy measures to stabilize the FX market as needed, after South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol lifted a surprise martial law declaration overnight.

The announcement came shortly after the BOK held an emergency board meeting, which started around 9 a.m. local time. In a statement issued after the meeting, the central bank said it will also make any special loans available to inject funds into the market, if needed.

“As announced together with the government, we will provide sufficient liquidity for a limited time until the financial and foreign exchange markets stabilize,” the Bank of Korea said, reiterating a pledge made earlier in the day by South Korea Finance Minister Choi Sang-mok.

Local news agency Yonhap reported earlier Wednesday that South Korea’s financial regulator said it is prepared to allocate 10 trillion won ($7.07 billion) to a stock market stabilization fund at any time.

Yoon declared an emergency martial law and mobilized the army late Tuesday night. Within hours, the National Assembly voted to overturn the emergency order, forcing Yoon to lift martial law early Wednesday morning. The military units that were deployed have also been withdrawn, Yoon announced at the time.

“In our view, the negative impact to the economy and financial market could be short-lived as uncertainties on [the] political and economic environment could be quickly mitigated on the back of proactive policy response,” Citi analysts said in a note. 

South Korean stocks experienced significant fluctuations in the U.S. on Tuesday amid political turmoil in Korea. The iShares MSCI South Korea ETF (EWY), which tracks more than 90 large and mid-sized companies in South Korea, tumbled as much as 7% to hit a 52-week low before cutting losses to close 1.6% lower.

Last week, the BOK cut its benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points in a surprise move.

Amid political chaos, Bank of Korea says it will boost short-term liquidity and deploy measures to stabilize the FX market

S&P 500 ticks higher for another record close on Tuesday: Live updates

Updated Tue, Dec 3 2024 5:17 PM EST

The S&P 500 inched higher Tuesday, eking out another record close.

The broad market index added 0.05%, ending at 6,049.88. The Nasdaq Composite advanced 0.40% to close at 19,480.91, hitting a new intraday record as Apple rose to a fresh 52-week high. Both the S&P 500 and the tech-heavy Nasdaq posted new closing records. The Dow Jones Industrial Average underperformed, losing 76.47 points, or 0.17%, to settle at 44,705.53.

“U.S. equities are trending sideways today in front of Friday’s job report, which may provide insight into what the Fed might do following its December 17 and 18 FOMC meeting,” said Terry Sandven, chief equity strategist at U.S. Bank Wealth Management. “On balance, we think there’s much to like about U.S. equities, despite a wall of worry that looms on the horizon.”

“Inflation, interest rates and earnings are supportive of a risk-on bias, and technological advances such as Gen AI continue to expand markets while pushing equities higher,” he added.

Stocks have been on a blistering rally since the U.S. presidential election. Since the Nov. 5 vote, the S&P 500 has climbed 4.6%, and the Nasdaq has rallied about 5.7%. The Dow is up 5.9% since then.

“When the market is up 10% or more with a newly elected President, it has never gone down in the month of December,” said Ken Mahoney, CEO of Mahoney Asset Management.

But he cautioned this doesn’t mean that stocks will soar in December, since November was the best month of the year for the market. During the last trading day of November, the Dow and the S&P reached new intraday and closing highs, leading both indexes to post their best months of 2024. The Dow added 7.5%, while the S&P 500 gained 5.7% last month.

“But there’s still enough demand for stocks, because I do think there’s a fair amount of money that’s coming up the sidelines post election,” Mahoney added.

Economic data released on Tuesday showed that job openings were higher in October compared to September. Job openings hit a total of 7.74 million, topping the Dow Jones estimate of 7.5 million.

This was the first in a salvo of data releases expected this week that can provide insight into the strength of the labor market. The main event will be Friday’s November payrolls report.

The data arrives ahead of the Federal Reserve’s policy meeting on Dec. 17-18. Fed funds futures are currently pricing in a roughly 72% probability that the central bank lowers interest rates during its gathering,

Stock market news for Dec. 3, 2024

In other news, nothing good.

For France’s Le Pen, it’s Barnier now, maybe Macron next

France’s far-right leader has brought the government to its knees. Now, with the country in political turmoil, she has the president in her sights.

December 4, 2024 4:00 am CET

PARIS — Marine Le Pen has two big aims, her critics say: to cause chaos and bring down Emmanuel Macron.

The dramatic events of recent days, as the French political system has ripped itself apart and brought the European Union’s second-largest country to one of the most serious crisis points in its modern history, would suggest her opponents are right.

Since beleaguered Prime Minister Michel Barnier took office in September he has arguably handed the far-right firebrand much of what she’s dreamed of for years — institutional respect for her National Rally party, a seat at the top table, and the opportunity to turn policy into law.

But none of that has proved enough. She wants more.

So, barring any last-minute surprises, Barnier and his government, having only been in power for three months, will on Wednesday fall victim to a no-confidence vote and earn the dubious distinction of serving the shortest term in the history of the modern French republic, which was established in 1958.

The French system works in two layers, with the government and prime minister controlling domestic day-to-day affairs and the president having a powerful, overarching role. This is the prize Le Pen hankers after —she’s run run unsuccessfully for it on three occasions and plans to take another shot in 2027.

The no-confidence vote has arisen over the government’s failure to convince Le Pen to back a budget that would have injected €60 billion into state coffers through tax hikes and spending cuts to address France’s spiraling deficit. Despite a series of concessions to address her concerns, Barnier’s team believes she repeatedly moved the goalposts.

Her interest was to making French politics more chaotic, they think.

Leaving France without a government would, after all, trigger a political crisis, expose the country to financial turmoil and potentially pave the way for a new prime minister who could be even less favorable to her party.

“Le Pen’s conditions were constantly changing,” as they discussed the budget proposal, said a conservative member of Barnier’s government, who was granted anonymity because of the politically sensitive nature of the discussions. “Sunday, she gave a 17th different version of what her conditions were. The prime minister responded Monday, and once again, that wasn’t enough.”

In an interview with newspaper La Tribune published Saturday, Le Pen seemed to indicate that it would take only a concession on drug prices or pensions for her to give Barnier a second chance. One day later, she demanded both.

“When you see that such consequential efforts were made but were deemed insufficient, you have to wonder if all that wasn’t just a pretense, and that their mind was already made up for another reason,” the cabinet member said.

Which brings us to Macron.

Le Pen’s real motivation, some believe, is to force the president himself — the centrist embodiment of everything she abhors — to step down.

So far she’s stopped short of formally calling for him to quit, but has far from dismissed the idea.

“Our constitution is clear,” she said on Monday. “In the event of a serious political crisis, the president of the republic has three options. Reshuffle [of the government], dissolution [of the government] or resignation [himself].”

More

For France’s Le Pen, it’s Barnier now, maybe Macron next – POLITICO

Australia’s recession steepens and deepens

Wednesday 4 December 2024

The Q3 national accounts for Australia were another shocker, with the economy growing by only 0.3% over the quarter and by 0.8% over the year.

This meant Australia’s per capita recession extended to a record seven consecutive quarters after falling by 0.3% in Q3.

Australia’s real per capita GDP has now declined by 2.1% since the Albanese government came to office in Q2 2022.

Australia’s labour productivity fell by 0.8% in Q3, but was 0.3% higher year-on-year.

---- Finally, the household sector drove the decline in per capita GDP, as evidenced by the 2.0% fall in real per capita household consumption over the year.

There is no sugar coating this release. It is a shocker that will place more pressure on the Albanese government leading into next year’s federal election.

The only thing stopping a full-blown technical recession is the federal government’s mass immigration program alongside record public spending.

However, the per capita recession has extended for a record seventh consecutive quarter, smashing Australian households and collapsing living standards.

Australia's recession steepens and deepens - MacroBusiness

Turkey economy meltdown as recession strikes and inflation hits double digits

3 December 2024

Turkey's central bank is weighing up whether to cut interest rates in weeks as the country sees investment and production stifled by high borrowing costs.

The country has seen its GDP shrink by 0.2 percent in the quarter between July and September, according to data from the Turkish statistical agency on Friday, having dropped by the same margin in the previous one.

These two consecutive quarters of negative GDP growth led economists to declare the economy in recession.

The Turkish economy also saw 2.1 percent year-on-year growth in the third quarter, which the agency said was its slowest rate since the pandemic sparked global chaos in the second quarter of 2020.

Meanwhile, household consumption contracted by 0.3 percent quarter-on-quarter, while government consumption also saw a 0.4 percent drop.

Household consumption increased year on year by 3.1 percent and government consumption decreased by 0.9 percent, as per Euronews.

Nicholas Farr, Emerging Europe Economist at Capital Economics told the outlet: "The central bank suggested at its meeting last week that it thought domestic demand was slowing, and today's data supports this view.

"This could raise expectations that the central bank may cut interest rates as soon as its December meeting," he added, though he said such a move would be "jumping the gun".

Turkey also continues to see eye-wateringly high inflation, estimated to be 48.6 percent year-on-year in October.

However, it's some way down from the 25-year high of 85.5 percent reported in 2022, with some estimates suggesting it was significantly more severe.

The bank central bank says there have been positive signs and that the country is on a path towards lower inflation, as per the Wall Street Journal.

The key rate, which determines bank lending rates and the cost of credit for borrowers, has stayed at 50 percent for eight months, which economists believe has chilled consumption.

More

Turkey economy meltdown as recession strikes and inflation hits double digits

Global Inflation/Stagflation/Recession Watch.

Given our Magic Money Tree central banksters and our spendthrift politicians, inflation now needs an entire section of its own.

Commodities trading giant Cargill plans to cut around 8,000 jobs

3 December 2024

(Reuters) -Global trading house Cargill said on Tuesday it plans to cut around 5% of its staff, or about 8,000 jobs after revenue slumped in its most recent fiscal year as crop prices hit multi-year lows.

Agricultural merchants including privately held Cargill are under pressure as prices of the commodity crops they trade, such as wheat, corn and soybeans, have dropped to near four-year lows and crop processing margins have shrunk.

Most of Cargill's job reductions would take place this year, the company's president and CEO, Brian Sikes, said in a memo reviewed by Reuters on Tuesday.

"They will focus on streamlining our organisational structure by removing layers, expanding the scope and responsibilities of our managers, and reducing duplication of work," Sikes said in the memo.

The move is part of a shift in strategy at the nearly 160-year-old company, Cargill said, when asked about the memo.

"Unfortunately, that means reducing our global workforce by approximately 5%," it said.

Minnesota-based Cargill has more than 160,000 employees, which implies that a 5% cut in staff would hit about 8,000 jobs.

Unlisted Cargill reported revenue of $160 billion for its 2024 fiscal year that ended in May, down from a record $177 billion in the previous year.

Cargill does not release quarterly earnings statements, but in a memo seen by Reuters in August, it said less than one-third of its businesses met their earnings goals in the last fiscal year.

"Impacts to our operations and frontline teams will be kept to a minimum as we empower them to continue delivering for our customers," Sikes said in the memo.

The move comes after Cargill said in August it would undergo structural changes after missing internal earnings goals, with plans to streamline operations into three units from five as part of its 2030 strategy, Reuters reported in August.

Sikes said the company will hold a meeting on Dec. 9 to share more information about the restructuring.

"This week, for those in countries where we can immediately communicate to employees whose roles are impacted, we'll set up meetings to explain next steps," he said.

Bloomberg News reported Cargill's job cut plan earlier.

Commodities trading giant Cargill plans to cut around 8,000 jobs

Another Car Manufacturer in Crisis: 1,600 Employees Sent Home

3 December 2024

The car industry has faced one challenge after another in recent years.

Supply chain issues, fluctuating demand, and the shift toward electric vehicles have left many manufacturers scrambling to adjust.

At Opel’s Rüsselsheim plant in Germany, the reality of these pressures is becoming clear, according to Handelsblatt

This week, parts of the factory went silent as production of the Opel Astra and DS 4 was paused. Employees were sent home but received full pay for the week.

From December 9, the factory will reduce operations to a single shift. This schedule will stay in place until at least the end of January.

The decision wasn’t easy. Stellantis, Opel’s parent company, stated the changes were necessary to address current market conditions and completed orders.

A Temporary Pause or a Sign of Deeper Trouble?

The Opel Astra has been performing well, with a 47% sales increase in Europe this year. But the DS 4 hasn’t fared as well, showing declining demand.

The Rüsselsheim plant, which produces both models, now finds itself at a crossroads.

Shifting to single-shift production isn’t just about cutting costs. Opel aims to streamline operations to improve the factory’s competitiveness in the long term.

For the 1,600 employees working there, the news is a mixed bag—while job security isn’t immediately threatened, the future feels uncertain.

The changes at Rüsselsheim come during a challenging time for Stellantis. This week, Carlos Tavares, the group’s CEO, officially stepped down. While some analysts suspect he was pushed out, the company has not confirmed this.

For Opel, the focus now is on weathering the storm. The automotive industry is in flux, and companies must adapt quickly to stay relevant.

At Rüsselsheim, the immediate priority is aligning production with the current reality. Whether these adjustments will be enough remains to be seen.

The coming months will be critical—not just for Opel, but for the entire industry navigating these turbulent times.

Another Car Manufacturer in Crisis: 1,600 Employees Sent Home

Covid-19 Corner

This section will continue until it becomes unneeded.

Natural proteins may offer new way to treat covid-19 and autoimmune disorders

2 December 2024

Some people naturally have higher levels of proteins that protect them from covid-19. New studies at Umeå University of our immune system may pave the way for more personalized treatments of both covid-19 and autoimmune disorders.

In his doctoral research at Umeå University and the Industrial Doctoral School, Ionut Sebastian Mihai has explored how our body's defense system works at the smallest level to find new ways to treat diseases like covid-19 and autoimmune disorders.

One of his findings involves natural proteins, called serpins, that can blockthe SARS-CoV-2 virus - the virus responsible for covid-19 - from entering human cells. Remarkably, some individuals naturally have higher levels of these proteins.

One of his findings involves natural proteins, called serpins, that can block the SARS-CoV-2 virus - the virus responsible for covid-19 - from entering human cells. Remarkably, some individuals naturally have higher levels of these proteins.

Serpins work by inhibiting a specific enzyme which the virus uses to enter cells. Individuals with higher levels of serpins in their lung cells may therefore have increased resistance to covid-19. This finding suggests potential avenues for developing treatments that enhance natural defenses against the virus.

Ionut Sebastian Mihai's research has also shed light on other critical components of the immune defense system, which is like a complex army with different types of soldiers, each playing a unique role in protecting us from illnesses. One of these soldiers is a special type of white blood cell that helps coordinate the body's response to threats, called T cells. Ionut Sebastian Mihai has identified important "commanders" within these white blood cells, directing how they grown and respond to infections.

"Understanding these cells at the DNA and RNA levels can help us find ways to develop vaccines and medicines that can boost the immune system when it is weak or calm it down when it is overactive," says Ionut Sebastian Mihai.

The new research results could lead to therapies tailored to each person's unique immune system, making treatments more effective with fewer side effects.

"For people whose immune systems mistakenly attack their own bodies, for example, as seen in autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis, this research offers hope for treatments that can correct these mistakes. Same goes for hard to deal infections and certain types of cancer. The secret is in the genes and the environment."

Ionut Sebastian Mihai has also studied how certain viruses spread in the brain and identified signals in the immune system that help these infections progress. These findings could contribute to methods for preventing or treating severe brain diseases caused by viruses.

Natural proteins may offer new way to treat covid-19 and autoimmune disorders

Technology Update.

With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, among other things, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported.

Physicists close in on fractionally-charged electron mystery in graphene

02 Dec 2024

Physicists in the US have found an explanation for why electrons in a material called pentalayer moiré graphene carry fractional charges even in the absence of a magnetic field. This phenomenon is known as the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect, and teams at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Johns Hopkins University and Harvard University/University of California, Berkeley have independently suggested that an interaction-induced topological “flat” band in the material’s electronic structure may be responsible.

Scientists already knew that electrons in graphene could, in effect, split into fractions of themselves in the presence of a very strong magnetic field. This is an example of the fractional quantum Hall effect, which occurs when a material’s Hall conductance is quantized at fractional multiples of e2/h.

In 2023, several teams of researchers introduced a new twist by observing this fractional quantization even without a magnetic field. The fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect, as it was dubbed, was initially observed in material called twisted molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2).

Then, in February this year, an MIT team led by physicist Long Ju spotted the same effect in pentalayer moiré graphene. This material consists of a layer of a two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with five layers of graphene (carbon sheets just one atom thick) stacked on top of it. The graphene and hBN layers are twisted at a small angle with respect to each other, resulting in a moiré pattern that can induce conflicting properties such as superconductivity and insulating behaviour within the structure.

Answering questions

Although Ju and colleagues were the first to observe the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect in graphene, their paper did not explain why it occurred. In the latest group of studies, other scientists have put forward a possible solution to the mystery.

According to MIT’s Senthil Todadri, the effect could stem from the fact that electrons in two-dimensional materials like graphene are confined in such small spaces that they start interacting strongly. This means that they can no longer be considered as independent charges that naturally repel each other. The Johns Hopkins team led by Ya-Hui Zhang and the Harvard/Berkeley team led by Ashvin Vishwanath and Daniel E Parker came to similar conclusions, and published their work in Physical Review Letters alongside that of the MIT team.

Crystal-like periodic patterns form an electronic “flat” band

Todadri and colleagues started their analyses with a reasonably realistic model of the pentalayer graphene. This model treats the inter-electron Coulomb repulsion in an approximate way, replacing the “push” of all the other electrons on any given electron with a single potential, Todadri explains. “Such a strategy is routinely employed in quantum mechanical calculations of, say, the structure of atoms, molecules or solids,” he notes.

The MIT physicists found that the moiré arrangement of pentalayer graphene induces a weak electron potential that forces electrons passing through it to arrange themselves in crystal-like periodic patterns that form a “flat” electronic band. This band is absent in calculations that do not account for electron–electron interactions, they say.

Such flat bands are especially interesting because electrons in them become “dispersionless” – that is, their kinetic energy is suppressed. As the electrons slow almost to a halt, their effective mass approaches infinity, leading to exotic topological phenomena as well as strongly correlated states of matter associated with high-temperature superconductivity and magnetism. Other quantum properties of solids such as fractional splitting of electrons can also occur.

More

Physicists close in on fractionally-charged electron mystery in graphene – Physics World

Next, the world global debt clock. Nations debts to GDP compared.

World Debt Clocks (usdebtclock.org)

"It's strange that men should take up crime when there are so many legal ways to be dishonest. “

Al Capone.

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