Baltic
Dry Index. 1410 -07 Brent Crude 72.62
Spot Gold 2736 US 2 Year Yield 4.11 +0.04
Economists have much to be humble about.
Paul Samuelson
In the stock casinos, a rising expectation that Donald J. Trump is headed back to the White House.
Political trouble in Japan. Industrial profits trouble in China. A trade war warning from the EU.
A relief selloff in crude oil pricing, but will Iran now retaliate to Israel’s retaliation, to Iran’s retaliation to Israel’s assassination of the Hamas political leader in Tehran back in September?
Later in the week, the UK tax and spend budget making war on pensioners, the latest EU inflation figures.
In the USA:
Traders are also watching for a slew of key economic data this week, including the September jobs report due Friday; the September personal consumption expenditures, or PCE, price index, expected Thursday; and a preliminary reading on third-quarter gross domestic product out on Wednesday.
One week tomorrow, hopefully, US voters finally decide which economic crank gets to run the USA from next January. A USA drowning in 35. 830 trillion of Federal debt.
Japan’s
Nikkei 225 climbs, yen drops amid political uncertainty as ruling coalition
loses majority
Updated
Mon, Oct 28 2024 12:53 AM EDT
Japan’s
benchmark Nikkei 225 and its Topix index climbed on Monday, supported by a weak
yen amid political uncertainty as the ruling LDP lost
its parliamentary majority.
The
Nikkei rose 1.54%, leading gains in Asia while the Topix was up 1.23%.The yen
weakened 0.84% to 153.59 on Monday.
The
LDP and its coalition partner Komeito have secured 215 out of 465 seats, public
broadcaster NHK reported early Monday morning local time. The opposition
Constitutional Democratic Party and the Democratic Party for the People have
made significant gains in this election.
This
political uncertainty prompted could deter the Bank of Japan from hiking rates,
some analysts said.
Izumi
Devalier, chief Japan economist at Bank of America said that while political
uncertainty and instability could delay rate hikes, Devalier explained the BOJ
cannot ignore sustained weakness in the yen.
“I
don’t think that necessarily means that the BOJ will be on hold for the
foreseeable future. Obviously, you’ve got to watch the market developments, but
we could still be on track for hikes in January or even December, depending on
where the yen goes,” she said.
South
Korea’s Kospi gained
0.61%, while the small cap Kosdaq was 1.02% higher.
Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 rose 0.17%.
Hong
Kong’s Hang Seng index fell
0.24%, while mainland China’s CSI 300 saw a larger loss of 0.73%, after China
reported its worst industrial profit numbers since the pandemic. Industrial
profits in China plunged 27.1% year on year in September.
On
Friday in the U.S., the Nasdaq
Composite rose 0.56% to a new all-time high of 18,518.61 on Friday,
boosted by megacap tech stocks.
Nvidia added 0.8%, and shares
of Meta Platforms, Amazon and Microsoft were also
higher.
However,
other major benchmarks fell, with the S&P 500 0.03% lower and
the Dow Jones Industrial
Average down 0.61%.
Asia markets live: Japan election, LDP loses majority, yen weakens
Stock
futures rise with Nasdaq set to add to records as oil prices decline
Updated
Mon, Oct 28 2024 1:08 AM EDT
U.S.
equity futures jumped on Monday morning as investors looked for a batch of
megacap technology earnings to keep driving the Nasdaq Composite to new heights
this week. A cooling geopolitical situation also aided risk sentiment.
Weekend
airstrikes by Israel against Iran did
not target oil or nuclear facilities as was feared and oil futures were lower in
early trading.
Futures tied to the Dow Jones
Industrial Average added 179 points, or 0.42%. S&P 500 futures gained
0.53% and Nasdaq 100 futures increased
by 0.73%.
The
market was split
at the end of last week. On Friday the tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite jumped to a
new intraday all-time high, rising 0.56% to close at 18,518.61. On the flip
side, the Dow shed
259.96 points, or 0.61%, to close at 42,114.40. The broad-market S&P 500 inched lower by
0.03% to 5,808.12.
Both
the Dow and S&P snapped a six-week winning streak, but the Nasdaq eked out
its seventh positive week in a row.
Wall
Street is bracing
for a big week in markets that will mark busiest
week of third-quarter earnings reporting season and the final week
before the Nov. 5 U.S. Presidential election. Five of the Magnificent Seven
companies – Alphabet, Microsoft, Meta Platforms, Amazon and Apple – are
scheduled to report third-quarter earnings.
“One
thing we expect to see play out is these megacap tech names continuing to
reinforce commitment to AI in tech spending broadly,” Yung-Yu Ma chief
investment officer at BMO Wealth Management, told CNBC. “I don’t
think there’s going to be any backing away from that.”
“If
for some reason we don’t get that – if a few of those tech companies reporting
talk about say tapping on the brakes a little bit in some of these investments
– the market would not take that well,” he added. “So that’s going to be
somewhat impactful, for the market to actually hear that these companies are
continuing their commitment to spending in this area, if not accelerating.”
Traders
are also watching for a slew of key economic data this week, including the
September jobs report due Friday; the September personal consumption
expenditures, or PCE, price index, expected Thursday; and a preliminary reading
on third-quarter gross domestic product out on Wednesday.
Stock futures rise with Nasdaq set to add to records as oil prices decline
In other news.
German finance minister warns of retaliation if
U.S. kicks off trade war
Published Fri, Oct 25 2024 11:55 AM EDT Updated
Fri, Oct 25 2024 1:24 PM EDT
German Finance Minister Christian Lindner
on Friday warned that if the U.S. kicked off a trade war with the European
Union, there could be retaliation.
“Trade controversy sees never winners,
only losers,” Lindner told CNBC’s Karen Tso on the sidelines of the
International Monetary Fund’s annual meeting in Washington, D.C.
What U.S. trade policy could look like
if Donald Trump were elected
as president is a key issue, Lindner suggested. “In that case we need
diplomatic efforts to convince whoever enters the White House that it’s not in
the best interest of the U.S. to have a trade conflict with [the] European
Union. We would have to consider retaliation,” he said. Lindner belongs to the
pro-business Free Democratic Party which is currently in coalition with
Chancellor Olaf Scholz’s Social Democratic Party.
The U.S.′ problem with trading lies with
China rather than the EU, Lindner said, adding that the EU “should not become a
negative side effect” of controversy between the U.S. and China.
Trump has floated
the idea that,
if he were elected, blanket tariffs of 10% to 20% could be imposed on almost
all imports, no matter where they came from.
If such a 20% tariff were implemented by
the U.S., the EU’s and Germany’s gross domestic product would fall in the
coming years, Reuters reported Thursday
citing a study by German economic institute IW. Trade is one of the main
pillars of the German economy, suggesting heightened tensions, uncertainty and
tariffs would hit the country harder than others.
Earlier this month, the German statistics
office, Destatis, said that the
U.S.′ importance as a trading partner for Germany has been growing. The agency
said that since 2021, the U.S. had been the second-most important trade partner
for Germany behind China, but in the first half of 2024, foreign trade turnover
with the U.S. was higher than that with China. In 2023, around 9.9% of German
exports went to the U.S., according to Destatis.
Trade tensions between the U.S. and China,
and the EU and China, have been rising throughout the year. Both the U.S. and
EU have implemented higher tariffs and on some goods imported from China,
citing unfair trade practices.
China in turn has also announced higher
temporary tariffs on
some imports from the EU. Several probes and investigations into one another’s
competition, subsidy, and other practices are also ongoing as the tit-for-tat
measures continue.
More
German finance minister warns of retaliation if U.S. kicks off trade war
China’s
industrial profits plunge at fastest pace since the pandemic
Published
Sun, Oct 27 2024 11:01 PM EDT
China’s
industrial profits in September dropped at its fastest pace since the pandemic,
data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed, as the country
tussles with an economy plagued by slow growth, lack of demand and a property
crisis.
After
a 17.8% fall in August, industrial profits declined 27.1% in September from a
year ago, marking the steepest plunge since March 2020, when it dropped by
34.9%, according to data kept by Wind Information.
The
database excluded figures for most of 2022, the year when Shanghai and other
parts of China were under stringent Covid-19 measures that limited business
activity.
Chinese
authorities have ramped up measures in recent weeks to bolster growth. The
nation’s parliament scheduled a meeting for early next month, after which the
National People’s Congress is expected to announce details on highly
anticipated fiscal stimulus.
This
data release “underscores the need for more forceful policy responses amid weak
domestic demand and deflationary pressures,” Goldman Sachs chief China
economist Hui Shan said in a note Sunday.
In
the first nine months, industrial profits fell by 3.5% from a year ago. NBS statistician Yu Weining said “insufficient demand
and a sharp decline in producer prices” weighed down the profitability of
industrial firms.
Data
released earlier this month showed that the producer
price index fell 2.8% year-on-year in September, steeper than a
1.8% decline the previous month.
Gary
Ng, senior economist at Natixis, said in an email to CNBC that “the weakness of
industrial profits indicates China’s greater need for demand-side policies.”
“While
there is divergence across sectors, the stress is particularly high in upstream
materials and automobiles,” he said.
China’s
economy grew
by 4.6% in the third quarter, the slowest pace since early 2023. In the
first three quarters of the year, the economy expanded by an annual 4.8%,
slightly slower than the 5% pace seen in the first half of the year. Beijing
has a target of around 5% economic growth for 2024.
The
country is set to release its official manufacturing purchasing managers’ index
for October on Thursday.
Economists
polled by Reuters expect the figure to come in at 50.1, after five months of
contraction. The PMI was 49.8 in September, 49.1 in August, 49.4 in July and
49.5 in June. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in activity, while one
below that level suggests a contraction.
China's industrial profits plunge at fastest pace since the pandemic
Japan’s
ruling coalition loses parliamentary majority in snap election
Published
Sun, Oct 27 2024 8:23 AM EDT
Japan’s
ruling coalition lost its parliamentary majority, with public broadcaster NHK
projecting that the Liberal Democratic Party and its Komeito partner will fall
short of the 233 seats needed to win power in the country’s lower house.
The
ruling bloc has secured 215 out of 465 seats, public
broadcaster NHK said early Monday morning local time. The largest
opposition party, the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDP), has made
significant gains.
Nikkei made similar projections, reporting that the
election would cast uncertainty over the newly appointed administration of
Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba. It is the first time since 2009 that the LDP has
lost its parliamentary majority.
The
opposition has secured 235 seats against the ruling coalition’s 215, according
to Nikkei’s count of confirmed seats. The CDP won 148 seats, gaining 98; the
LDP won 191 seats, losing 56; and Komeito won 24.
After
markets opened on Monday, Japan’s benchmark Nikkei 225 rose 1.79%, leading
gains in Asia, while the Topix was up 1.38%. The moves were supported by a
weaker yen, which fell 0.65% to trade at 153.28.
The
LDP’s Ishiba succeeded Fumio Kishida as prime minister on Oct. 1 and called for
a snap general election on Sept. 30 after winning the party’s internal vote
against rival Sanae Takaichi.
The
LDP’s election campaign has been dogged by concerns over inflation, as well
as corruption
scandals which have divided the party. When a slush fund scandal came
to light in 2023, four cabinet ministers, as well as other senior party
officials, were replaced by former PM Kishida.
More
Japan election: Liberal Democratic Party to fall short of majority
Oil
prices slide more than 4% after Israel’s ‘limited’ attack on Iran seen as not
disrupting supplies
Published
Sun, Oct 27 2024 11:11 PM EDT
Oil
prices slid more than 4% on Monday as Israel’s strikes on Iran over the weekend
were dubbed as “limited” by local media, with Citi analysts discounting chances
of an escalation that disrupts oil supplies.
Futures for global crude benchmark
Brent slid 4.34% to $72.75 a barrel, while U.S. West Texas Intermediate futures
dropped 4.54% to $68.52 per barrel.
Israel on Saturday attacked Iran’s military installations in
three provinces in response to Tehran launching ballistic missiles at Israel on
Oct. 1.
Iranian News agency Tasnim reported the attack,
which killed four soldiers, had inflicted “limited damages.” The
strike steered clear of oil, nuclear, and civilian infrastructure locations.
Local petro news network said that Iran’s oil industry operation is “underway normally” with no
disruptions.
For
weeks, markets
had braced themselves for an Israeli retaliation as Middle East
tensions have continued to rise following the attack on Israel by Iran-backed
Hamas on Oct. 7 last year.
Oil
markets’ key consideration had been a direct engagement between both parties,
with concerns of an attack on Iranian oil facilities rising in recent
weeks. Iran accounts for up to 4% of global oil supplies,
according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
“The
recent Israel military action is unlikely to be seen by the market as leading
to an escalation that impacts oil supply,” Citi analysts wrote in a note on
Monday, cutting the bank’s Brent oil forecast by $4 to $70 per barrel over the
next three months.
Oil
markets are also staring at an oversupply. “With Israel deliberately, and
perhaps with some American encouragement, avoiding the targeting of crude oil
facilities, the oil market is back to looking at an oversupplied market,” said
Andy Lipow, president at Lipow Oil Associates.
Oil
production has been increasing not just in key countries such as U.S., Canada
and Brazil, but even among smaller players such as Argentina and Senegal, he
added.
“Oil
prices will remain under pressure for the rest of this year, it may be
difficult to see Brent crude oil prices reaching $80 in the foreseeable
future,” Lipow told CNBC via email.
---- The spotlight
now will be on whether Iran will counter the attack in the coming weeks, which
would see risk premium rise again, Kavonic told CNBC, noting that the overall
trend still remains one of escalation, with the scope for another round of
attacks remaining high.
During
a cabinet meeting on Sunday, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian emphasized Iran’s
right to react to Israel’s attack, but maintained that they do not seek
war.
“We
do not seek war, but we will defend our country and the rights of our people.
We will give a proportionate response to the aggression,” he said.
More
Oil slides over 4% as Israel's attack on Iran unlikely to disrupt supplies
Finally, yet another EV fire. Mercedes goodwill gesture.
'Why did our parked electric car burst into
flames?'
25 October 2024
A mother said her family was "lucky
to have got out safely" after their parked electric car exploded and
engulfed their house in flames.
Georgina Bayliss from Spratton,
Northamptonshire, said their Mercedes EQA had been parked outside their house
for several hours before the explosion.
She said her younger son had seen flames
around the front of the house and thought the rest of the family and their five
dogs were still inside.
Mercedes-Benz UK said it was carrying out
an investigation.
Mrs Bayliss's husband Scott, 47, explained
how his eldest son, James, 17, raised the alarm at 21:15 BST after he heard a
loud bang and thought it was fireworks.
"The pace and ferocity at which the
fire took hold and engulfed the entire car and pretty much the entire front of
our house was scary beyond belief," he said.
Mrs Bayliss, 49, said: "We are lucky
to have got out safely, for our house to still be standing, and to all be here
in one piece.
"When we saw the flames, we grabbed
the puppies, and we ran out the back door."
Her husband, son and neighbour all grabbed
hosepipes to try to stop the fire spreading through their home.
James's brother Adam came running up the
lane towards the house.
"The look on his face is something
that will forever haunt me. He thought we were still inside," Ms Bayliss
continued.
Mr Bayliss said: "This is a pretty
calamitous car failure, in my view, of a prestigious brand and our concern is
this could happen again and people could ultimately lose their lives."
Firefighters arrived and told the family
they had been minutes away from losing their home.
The family said the car was only two years
old and had not shown any sign of a fault.
It was parked on the drive at 11:30 BST on
the day of the explosion three weeks ago and had not been on charge.
Mercedes-Benz UK told the BBC: "We
were sorry to learn of the incident. After receiving contact from Mr Bayliss,
we took it very seriously and immediately contacted his vehicle insurer to
arrange to investigate and examine the vehicle.
"We received feedback today and will
set up a joint inspection shortly. Until then, please understand that we cannot
comment further.
"In the meantime, we have offered Mr
Bayliss a loan car as a gesture of goodwill."
More
'Why did our electric car parked in Spratton burst into flames?' - BBC News
Global Inflation/Stagflation/Recession Watch.
Given
our Magic Money Tree central banksters and our spendthrift politicians,
inflation now needs an entire section of its own.
Sinking
Consumer Confidence Raises Odds Of A 2025 Recession
October
25, 2024
The
Fed may have achieved a soft landing, but pessimistic shoppers—especially Gen-X
and Millennials—remain a stiff headwind for consumer-facing companies.
All
those 2023 predictions about a recession hitting the U.S. in 2024 have been
wrong—so far, anyway. Instead, headlines have touted the apparent success of
the Federal Reserve in engineering a slowdown in the rate of inflation without
stifling the economy. Hooray for the Fed.
But
that hopeful news—and the constant drumbeat of election developments—seems to
have drowned out another important, yet more sobering, trend: Consumers as a
group are worn out by inflation and all the other financial disruptions
triggered by the COVID pandemic.
Although
the rate of inflation has fallen back to levels close to those pre-pandemic,
the prices of goods have not decreased. Housing remains unaffordable for many,
and car insurance rates are higher than ever. Whether or not this year’s retail
holiday season performs well, American shoppers are fundamentally discouraged
about the future.
The
most recent Consumer
Confidence Survey by
The Conference Board, a nonprofit think tank, recorded a broad decline in its
monthly index for September. “Consumer confidence dropped to near the bottom of
the narrow range that has prevailed over the past two years,” according to
Chief Economist Dana M. Peterson.
The
decline was the largest since August 2021, with all components of the index in
retreat. Peterson noted that consumers’ assessments of current business
conditions have turned negative; views of the labor market have softened; and
people are more pessimistic about future labor market conditions as well as
future income.
Among
generations, the 35–54 age group (straddling Gen-X and Millennials and
representing about a third of the U.S. population) were the least confident.
The Conference Board survey found confidence declined across most income
groups.
Similarly,
the widely-cited University of Michigan’s most recent Consumer Sentiment Survey found that
although inflation expectations have fallen substantially since 2022, the
percentage of consumers blaming high prices for their worse personal finances
remains at or near an all-time high.
More
Sinking Consumer Confidence Raises Odds Of A 2025 Recession
German Recession Seen Weighing on Europe in Next Week’s Data
October
25, 2024
(Bloomberg)
-- A shallow German recession weighing on the euro area and a mild pickup in
the region’s inflation may draw attention in a bumper series of data releases
next week across the region.
Gross
domestic product in Europe’s biggest economy is predicted by forecasters to
have shrunk by 0.1% in the third quarter, matching the result in the prior
three months. While that would signify a recession, economists reckon stronger
expansion elsewhere sustained a steady pace of growth in the currency zone, at
0.2%.
Inflation
meanwhile is projected to have partially rebounded to 1.9% in October, in line
with the bumpy path that policymakers expect before it settles around the 2%
target in the first half of next year. A core measure — that strips out
volatile elements such as energy — probably weakened.
The
euro-zone reports for GDP on Wednesday and inflation the following day are
among pivotal data for officials looking ahead to their final decision of 2024
on Dec. 12. With the most recent evidence pointing to feeble growth and tame
consumer prices, traders have raised the chances of a 50 basis-point
interest-rate cut.
“Incoming
information on inflation shows that the disinflation process is well on track,”
European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde told the International
Monetary Fund’s annual meetings in Washington on Friday. “Recent indicators of
economic activity have surprised somewhat to the downside.”
While
Germany is seen to have experienced a manufacturing-led recession, the GDP
reports on Wednesday should point to some strength elsewhere during the quarter
as a whole, amid buoyancy in Spain, a slight acceleration in France — thanks to
the Paris Olympics — and steady expansion in Italy, according to economists.
That
may not last. Purchasing-manager
numbers have
shown a recent loss of momentum in the region, with a downtrend in the private
sector extending into a second month.
Even
so, the recession in Germany may turn out to be short-lived. The
Bundesbank last
week predicted that
the economy will remain broadly stable toward end of the year, albeit “stuck in
the phase of weakness that’s persisted since mid-2022.”
In
one sign of hope, the closely watched business outlook index compiled by the
Munich-based Ifo institute rose to the highest
since June,
according to a release on Friday.
While
growth data will focus investors, they and policymakers will also hone in on
the inflation numbers. In Germany, price growth is predicted by economists to
have exceeded the ECB’s 2% target again. France, Italy and Spain and are seen
to have experienced accelerations, but still below the goal.
German Recession Seen Weighing on Europe in Next Week’s Data
Covid-19 Corner
This section will continue until it becomes unneeded.
XEC Covid symptoms to look out for as admission rates rise across the UK
27
October 2024
The
UK is currently experiencing a spike in Covid cases, with health experts
highlighting four main symptoms to be vigilant about. The UK Health Security
Agency (UKHSA) has identified the XEC strain of coronavirus, a hybrid of the
KS.1.1 and KP. 3.3 variants, as it spreads across the country.
First
detected in Germany, this highly transmissible variant has now been found in 27
countries across Europe, Asia, and North America. According to The Independent,
the latest figures from the UKHSA indicate a climb in hospital admissions, with
rates increasing to 4.5 per 100,000 people in the week up to October 6, from
3.7 the previous week.
Dr
Jamie Lopez Bernal, a consultant epidemiologist for UKHSA, noted that the XEC
variant accounts for approximately 13 percent of Covid cases in the UK.
Nonetheless, he assured the public that "current information doesn't
suggest we should be more concerned about this variant," and continued to
stress that vaccination remains the most effective defence.
He
also advised that anyone who tests positive for Covid should isolate from
others for at least five days and keep away from those at higher risk for 10
days, reports Gloucestershire
Live.
"We
are monitoring this closely and vaccination still offers the best
protection," Dr Lopez Bernal said. Symptoms of the XEC strain are said to
mirror those of cold and flu seen in previous variants, including:
·
A
high temperature
·
Aches
·
Tiredness
·
A
cough or sore throat.
The NHS has also
outlined additional symptoms such as headaches, a blocked or runny nose, loss
of appetite, alterations in smell or taste, diarrhoea, and nausea.
More
XEC Covid symptoms to look out for as admission rates rise across the UK
Technology
Update.
With events happening fast in the
development of solar power and graphene, among other things, I’ve added this
section. Updates as they get reported.
Next-generation
solar cells become more powerful with silver-doping technology
25
October 2024
A team
of researchers has significantly improved the performance of kesterite (CZTSSe)
thin-film solar cells. They developed a new method for doping silver (Ag) in
solar cells to suppress defects that hinder cell performance and promote
crystal growth, thereby dramatically increasing efficiency and paving the way
for commercialization. The work is published in
the journal Energy & Environmental Science.
CZTSSe
solar cells are composed of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), sulfur (S), and
selenium (Se), and are gaining attention as a resource-abundant, low-cost, and
eco-friendly solar cell technology. In particular, they have the advantage of
being suitable for large-scale production and highly competitive in price
because they use materials that are abundant in resources instead of the scarce
metals used in conventional solar cells.
However,
conventional CZTSSe solar cells have low efficiency and high current losses due
to electron-hole recombination, thus making them difficult to commercialize.
To
address these issues, the research team employed a method of doping the solar
cell precursor with Ag. Ag inhibits the loss of Sn and helps the materials mix
better at low temperatures. This allows the crystals to grow larger and faster,
reducing defects and improving the performance of the solar cell.
In
this study, they systematically analyzed how the placement of Ag at different
locations in the precursor changes the defects and electron-hole recombination
properties in the solar cell. The results indicate that Ag can significantly
improve the performance of the solar cell by preventing Sn loss and maximizing
the defect suppression effect.
Importantly,
they also found that doping Ag in the wrong place actually interferes with the
formation of Zn and Cu alloy, causing Zn to remain in the bulk and form defect
clusters. This can lead to increased electron-hole recombination losses and
degraded performance. From this, the research team offered an important
insight: solar cell performance varies significantly depending on where Ag
doping occurs.
Furthermore,
the research team found that the liquid material formed by Ag doping promotes
crystal growth, significantly improving the density and crystallinity of the
absorber layer. This resulted in an improved energy band structure and fewer
defects, ultimately allowing for smoother charge transport in the cell. These
findings are expected to contribute significantly to the production of
high-performance solar cells at low cost.
The
researchers included Kee-jeong Yang, Dae-hwan Kim, and Jin-gyu Kang from the
Division of Energy & Environmental Technology, DGIST, who collaborated with
Prof. Kim Jun-ho's team from the Department of Physics, Incheon National
University and Prof. Koo Sang-mo's team from the Department of Electronic
Materials Engineering.
"In
this study, we analyzed the effect of Ag doping, which had not been clearly
identified before, process by process, and found that silver plays a role in
suppressing tin loss and improving defects," said Yang.
"The
results provide important insights into the design of silver-doped precursor
structures to improve solar cell efficiency and are expected to contribute to
the development of various solar cell technologies."
More
information: SeongYeon Kim et al, Reducing carrier recombination loss by
suppressing Sn loss and defect formation via Ag doping in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 solar
cells, Energy & Environmental Science (2024). DOI:
10.1039/D4EE02485K
Provided
by DGIST (Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology)
Next-generation
solar cells become more powerful with silver-doping technology
Next, the
world global debt clock. Nations debts to GDP compared.
World Debt
Clocks (usdebtclock.org)
'Emergencies'
have always been the pretext on which the safeguards of individual liberty have
been eroded.
Friedrich August von Hayek.
No comments:
Post a Comment