Thursday, 2 February 2023

The Fed Blinks. BOE And ECB Next.

 Baltic Dry Index. 668 -13             Brent Crude 83.40

Spot Gold 1953                US 2 Year Yield 4.09 -0.12

Coronavirus Cases 02/04/20 World 1,000,000

Deaths 53,103

Coronavirus Cases 02/02/23 World 675,491,566

Deaths 6,764,989

Interest rates are to asset prices what gravity is to the apple. When there are low interest rates, there is a very low gravitational pull on asset prices.

Warren Buffett. 

As expected, the US central bank raised their key interest rate yesterday by a quarter of one percent.

In “guidance” afterwards, Fed Chairman Powell said the bank would continue raising its interest rate in 2023, wouldn’t cut its key interest rate in 2023, but if circumstances change in 2023 it might.

The US bond market and the gold market immediately took that as a sign that the Fed had just blinked and was ready to be turned.

And so the Great Global Interest Rate Jamboree rolls on today to London and Frankfurt, where the BOE and ECB will both likely follow the Fed’s lead. (Some at the ECB have called for a half of one percent rate rise, but with Germany near or entering recession, I think that unlikely.) But both are further behind their respective inflation rates than the Fed, so just might surprise.

 

The Federal Reserve raised rates. Chair Powell says it’s ‘premature’ to declare victory against inflation

UPDATED WED, FEB 1 2023 7:36 PM EST

The Federal Reserve raised rates by 25 basis points, or 0.25 percentage point, as was widely expected. Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell then held a news conference, in which he said that the economy’s disinflationary process had started. To be sure, Powell added that it’s premature to declare victors against inflation.

Powell’s focus is the labor market, says Gary Cohn

Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell made it clear during his press conference that the data the Fed is closely watching more than anything else is jobs data, said former Goldman Sachs chief operating officer Gary Cohn.

“He did go back and forth giving you both sides of the argument,” said Cohn, a former economic advisor in the Trump administration. “The only thing he kept hanging his hat on was the labor market. At this point it feels like we are just labor dependent.”

Don’t expect a rate cut in 2023, Powell says

Jerome Powell said he doesn’t expect the Fed to cut rates this year, as some major strategists project.

“Given our outlook, I don’t see us cutting rates this year, if our outlook comes true,” the Fed chair said.

Powell also said he was “not concerned” about the bond market implying one more cut before a pause, because some market participants are expecting inflation to fall faster than the Fed does.

“If we do see inflation coming down much more quickly, that will play into our policy setting, of course,” Powell said.

Fed meeting leaned ‘slightly dovish,’ investment strategist says

The central bank is nearing the end of its rate hike campaign and was more dovish this meeting, according to Charlie Ripley, senior investment strategist for Allianz Investment Management.

A lack of clarity on future interest rate moves signals the Fed is nearing the end of is rate tightening cycle, Ripley said. After hikes end, he said the central bank will likely “sit tight while the economic data catches up to the policy.”

“The Fed is essentially speaking out of both sides of the mouth as they signaled further increases are appropriate, but also acknowledged they will consider the cumulative amount of tightening in future policy decisions,” he said.

Ripley added that the slowing pace of current rate hikes to 25 basis points is a “clear sign” that the central bank is more confident that current economic policy is having its intended impacts of tightening.

Taken all together, Ripley said the meeting “tilted slightly dovish.”

Live Updates: Fed rate hike in February 2023 (cnbc.com)

 

Asia-Pacific markets mostly rise as investors digest Fed’s smaller quarter-point hike

UPDATED WED, FEB 1 2023 10:19 PM EST

Stocks in the Asia-Pacific traded mostly higher on Thursday as investors digested the U.S. Federal Reserve’s smaller rate hike of 25 basis points and Fed Chairman Jerome Powell acknowledged inflation is falling.

Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index rose 0.54% with the Hang Seng tech index rising 1.9%, leading gains in the region. In mainland China, the Shanghai Composite also rose 0.14% and the Shenzhen Component rose 0.36%.

South Korea’s Kospi rose 0.5% and the Kosdaq gained 1.48%, as the nation’s consumer price index rose 5.2% in the first month of 2023 on an annualized basis, ticking upward for the first time in three months, government data showed.

The Korean won stood at 1,221.18 against the U.S. dollar while the dollar index fell by a percent to stand at 101.08.

In Japan, the Nikkei 225 traded 0.16% higher while the Topix lost 0.32%. In Australia, the S&P/ASX 200 rose 0.19% and the S&P/NZX 50 in New Zealand also gained 0.37%.

Investors will also be watching closely shares of Adani Group companies at India’s market open after Adani Enterprises called off its fully subscribed follow-on offering overnight.

On Wall Street, traders shrugged off the Fed’s little indication that it may be nearing the end of its hiking cycle. The S&P 500 gained 1.05% higher, the Nasdaq Composite added 2%, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 0.02%.

Asia-Pacific markets mostly rise as investors digest Fed's smaller quarter-point hike (cnbc.com)

In other news, the  IMF’s dubious record at calling the future

 

Why the IMF could be forced to eat ‘humble pie’ again

1 February 2023.

They call it the "dismal science" for good reason. The supposed oracles of economic forecasting have been forced to eat humble pie on more than one occasion.

Christine Lagarde famously asked if she had to apologise “on my knees” to George Osborne after accusing the former chancellor of “playing with fire” on austerity. “We got it wrong. We acknowledged it,” the then International Monetary Fund managing director said in 2014.

That didn't stop Ms Lagarde from making the same mistake again. In fact, there are many examples of forecasters at the Washington-based International Monetary Fund missing the mark.

Its growth forecasts for the UK have differed significantly from the actual results in recent years.

Back in July, the Fund predicted the UK economy would grow by 3.2pc in 2022, an estimate it revised slightly higher to 3.6pc in October.

Yet on Tuesday, it judged the economy to have grown by 4.1pc, revealing it had been far too gloomy.

The disparities have been particularly stark in recent years, with the pandemic prompting huge sways in GDP.

Two and a half months or so before the UK’s first lockdown was announced, the forecasters tipped the economy to grow 1.4pc in 2020. A year later, they estimated it had in fact faced a 10pc contraction.

Some get it wrong so often that they actually publish annual post-mortems of their mistakes.

The Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR), the government's tax and spending watchdog, is one of them.

It published its latest mea culpa on Tuesday, admitting that its March 2021 forecast failed to spot stronger inflation and a more robust post-pandemic recovery that meant more people were in work and tax receipts and wage growth were higher than expected, dragging even more people into higher tax bands.

The forecast, which the watchdog helpfully unpicked in its latest Forecast Evaluation Report, highlights how small misjudgements can end up leading to big errors.

It said higher inflation, which boosted the cash size of the economy and as a result tax receipts, resulted in a "£108.6bn overestimate of borrowing in 2021-22". These are big numbers.

The OBR acknowledged that one big mistake it made was underestimating the strength of Britain's jobs market. Many, including the Bank of England believed that ending the furlough scheme that subsidised people's wages in 2021 would lead to hundreds of thousands more people losing their jobs.

That led to predictions of slower growth, higher unemployment and ultimately the Bank of England to delay raising interest rates, which many economists recognise today was a mistake.

More

Why the IMF could be forced to eat ‘humble pie’ again (msn.com)

“The only function of economic forecasting is to make astrology look respectable.”

Ezra Solomon, professor in the Stanford University Graduate School of Business.

Global Inflation/Stagflation/Recession Watch.

Given our Magic Money Tree central banksters and our spendthrift politicians, inflation now needs an entire section of its own.

Something a little different today. Today why London thrives on innovation as the EUSSR lags.

As the EU rehashes old myths of no win-no fee litigation, London stands to benefit

WEDNESDAY 01 FEBRUARY 2023 5:15 AM

In the EU, there are still many misconceptions about litigation funding. Here in London we must see it as a way for companies to manage risks and costs, writes Glenn Newberry

At the end of last year, German MEP Axel Voss weighed in against the litigation funding industry – and third party disputes funding – reigniting old debates and myths, many of which had, we thought, been debunked years ago.

The market for third-party funding for legal cases is huge, and has doubled in the last four years. In economically volatile times, it is a useful lever for businesses looking to take costs and risks off their balance sheets.

The practice is nearly as old as the legal profession itself. Allowing a third party to bear the costs of a dispute between others who could otherwise not afford to – in exchange for a commission – was common in ancient Rome, and lasted in England until the Middle Ages. However, it was criminalised in 1275 to prevent vexatious claims – a ban that lasted until the late 1960s. But the ancient laws of “champerty and maintenance” were also stifling access to justice, and from the 1990s onwards, it was recognised that provided suitable safeguards were in place, there was no reason disinterested parties should not pay for legal actions.

This aspect is perhaps at the root of many misconceptions about litigation funding – for example that it is only for people who can’t afford to go to court, or for class-action-type cases. It is also why politicians frequently fear the sector as open to abuse. They envisage a spectre of wealthy investors and lawyers plotting to control cases, ignore the client and receive a bonanza payday either way.

In truth, litigation funding has mostly become a sophisticated way for companies to manage risk and costs by aligning their risk profile with that of their lawyers. Leveraging third party capital to fund a dispute, in return for a share of the rewards, means companies can pursue litigation without downside risk or any upfront outlay. But the options available are becoming ever-more sophisticated, allowing companies to share risk and reward, and manage fees – and it is now open, in part, to defendants as well as claimants.

Formerly investors would look to bear the whole cost, in return for around 3-4 times that as a return – still beneficial to the claimant, but only really applicable to certain matters. Now there are a whole host of options which enable clients, lawyers, investors and insurers, to share risk and reward in a truly collaborative way.

There are Conditional Fee Arrangements, which allow for the payment of fees, in part or in whole, depending on the outcome of the dispute – effectively no win, no fee, but with a higher adjusted payout when successful. Damages Based Agreements mean firms negotiate for a portion of the damages received if the case is won, no fee in the event of a loss. These agreements are usually combined with insurance for the client against being liable for costs if they lose as well.  As such, as a legal solution, these are truly “off book” and derisked.

All of these approaches involve investors, insurers and lawyers taking on most –  or often all – of the downside risk of a loss in return for increased remuneration in the event of a win. Clearly they will only do this having undertaken a full risk analysis, and done due diligence, on the probability of success, which is in the client’s favour.

Stifling a growing market sector, which enables many companies to better manage their finances, is a poor use of European parliamentarians’ time. But in the event it does happen, it is all the more reason to make sure London has a thriving market.

As the EU rehashes old myths of no win-no fee litigation, London stands to benefit (cityam.com)

 

Covid-19 Corner

This section will continue until it becomes unneeded.

With Covid-19 starting to become only endemic, this section is close to coming to its end.

Merck Covid Drug Linked to New Virus Mutations, Study Says

February 1 2023

(Bloomberg) -- Merck & Co.’s Covid-19 pill is giving rise to new mutations of the virus in some patients, according to a study that underscores the risk of trying to intentionally alter the pathogen’s genetic code.

Some researchers worry the drug may create more contagious or health-threatening variations of Covid, which has killed more than 6.8 million people globally over the past three years.

Mutations linked to the use of Merck’s pill, Lagevrio, have been identified in viral samples taken from dozens of patients, according to a preprint study from researchers in the US and at the Francis Crick Institute, Imperial College London and other UK institutions. 

The drug-linked mutations of the virus haven’t been shown to be more immune-evasive or lethal yet, according to the study published Friday without peer review on the medRxiv website. But their very existence highlights what some scientists say are potential risks in wider use of the drug, which was recently cleared in China.

Lagevrio works by creating mutations in the Covid genome that prevent the virus from replicating in the body, reducing the chances it will cause severe illness. Some scientists had warned before it was authorized in late 2021 that by virtue of how it works, the drug could give rise to mutations that could turn out to be problematic. The preprint paper has reawakened those worries about the Merck drug.

More

Merck Covid Drug Linked to New Virus Mutations, Study Says (msn.com)

How will life change once the COVID-19 emergency ends?

The declaration of a COVID-19 public health emergency three years ago changed the lives of millions of Americans by offering increased health care coverage, beefed-up food assistance and universal access to coronavirus vaccines and tests

January 31 2023

The declaration of a COVID-19 public health emergency three years ago changed the lives of millions of Americans by offering increased health care coverage, beefed-up food assistance and universal access to coronavirus vaccines and tests.

Much of that is now coming to an end, with President Joe Biden's administration saying it plans to end the emergency declarations on May 11.

Here's a look at what will stay and what will go once the emergency order is lifted:

COVID-19 TESTS, TREATMENTS AND VACCINES

The at-home nasal swabs, COVID-19 vaccines as well as their accompanying boosters, treatments and other products that scientists have developed over the last three years will still be authorized for emergency use by the Food and Drug Administration once the public health emergency is over.

But how much people pay for certain COVID-related products may change.

Insurers will no longer be required to cover the cost of free at-home COVID-19 tests.

Free vaccines, however, won't come to an end with the public health emergency.

"There’s no one right now who cannot get a free vaccine or booster," said Cynthia Cox, vice president at Kaiser Family Foundation. "Right now all the vaccines that are being administered are still the ones purchased by the federal government."

But the Biden administration has said it is running out of money to buy up vaccines and Congress has not budged on the president's requests for more funding.

Many states expect they can make it through the spring and summer, but there are questions around what their vaccine supply will look like going into the fall — when respiratory illness typically start to spike, said Anne Zink, the president of the The Association of State and Territorial Health Officials.

“We’re all anxious to find out more about that,” Zink said.

More

How will life change once the COVID-19 emergency ends? | The Independent

NY Times Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html

Regulatory Focus COVID-19 vaccine tracker. https://www.raps.org/news-and-articles/news-articles/2020/3/covid-19-vaccine-tracker

Some other useful Covid links.

Johns Hopkins Coronavirus resource centre

https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html

Centers for Disease Control Coronavirus

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

The Spectator Covid-19 data tracker (UK)

https://data.spectator.co.uk/city/national

Technology Update.

With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, among other things, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported.

Boeing to build braced-wing airliner, shooting for 30% efficiency gain

Loz Blain  January 30, 2023

With a US$425-million cash injection from NASA, Boeing will build and test a full-sized airliner based on its transonic truss-braced wing (TTBW) concept, using long, thin, strut-braced wings to add lift, reduce drag, and burn an impressive 30% less fuel.

When you burn as much fuel as an airline does, a single-digit fuel efficiency tweak adds up to massive savings. Take the drag-reducing Aeroshark film Swiss Airlines has stuck all over its 12 Boeing 777s – it delivers a 1% efficiency gain, and as a result, over just 12 aircraft, Swiss expects to use 4,800 tonnes less jet fuel every year, saving nearly half a million dollars per year, per plane at today's prices. That'd be closer to half a billion a year for an operator like American Airlines, closing in on 1,000 planes in its fleet, from a 1% efficiency gain.

So you can see how an airliner 30% more efficient than today's best single-aisle machines could be a bit of a big deal. We first ran across Boeing's "truss-braced wing" design concept back in 2010, as a part of the "Subsonic Ultra Green Aircraft Research" (SUGAR) Volt concept it designed as part of a NASA research program.

The idea takes advantage of the higher lift and lower drag you get with longer, slimmer, high aspect ratio wings – the sort you might find on an unpowered glider. A concept Boeing was testing in 2016, for example, had wings some 50% wider than comparable standard aircraft.

Structurally, that kind of thing simply doesn't work without reinforcement. So Boeing's design hangs the wings from the top of the fuselage, and braces them with long trusses coming up from the belly of the plane. These too are carefully shaped airfoils, adding extra lift as well as strength and stability.

As a subsonic concept cruising at around Mach 0.70 to 0.75 (519 to 556 mph, 835 to 895 km/h), Boeing estimated these braced-wing airliners could burn 50% less fuel than a regular plane. In 2019, the concept was redesigned to cruise at the edge of transonic speed, around Mach 0.8 (593 mph, 955 km/h), and whether because of the added speed or simply from a better understanding of the aerodynamics, Boeing has walked the efficiency claims back.

More

Boeing to build braced-wing airliner, shooting for 30% efficiency gain (newatlas.com)

A system of capitalism presumes sound money, not fiat money manipulated by a central bank. Capitalism cherishes voluntary contracts and interest rates that are determined by savings, not credit creation by a central bank.

Ron Paul.
 

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