Monday, 18 December 2023

PCE Week. More Exit Rally? Red Sea Trouble.

Baltic Dry Index. 2348 -63           Brent Crude  76.99

Spot Gold 2023                  US 2 Year Yield 4.44 +0.07

I am therefore afraid that we must abandon the plan of improving the government of the Bank of England by the appointment of a permanent Governor, because we should not be sure of choosing a good governor, and should indeed run a great risk, for the most part, of choosing a bad one.

Walter Bagehot. Lombard Street, 1873.

In the stock casinos, it is the final full trading week of 2023. Time to continue Fed Chairman Powell’s interest rate cutting, Fear Of Missing Out (F0M0) rally, or time to take profits ahead of year-end and the 2024 recession?

The shipping disruption in the Red Sea wants careful watching too. If drone risks lead to increased shipping and insurance rates, inflation may be about to start rising once again.  If drone attack risk leads to any disruption to Europe’s oil and LNG supply, that inflation risk from higher energy pricing could be considerable. Whose idea was it to blow up the Nord Stream pipelines?

Asia shares subdued for BOJ meeting, US inflation test

By Wayne Cole 

SYDNEY, Dec 18 (Reuters) - Asia stocks slipped on Monday in a subdued start to a week where Japan's central bank might edge further away from its uber-easy policies, while a key reading on U.S. inflation is expected to underpin market pricing of interest rate cuts there.

The Bank of Japan (BOJ) meets Tuesday amid much chatter that it is considering how and when to move away from negative interest rates. None of the analysts polled by Reuters expected a definitive move at this meeting, but policy makers might start laying the groundwork for an eventual shift.

 

April was favoured by 17 of 28 economists as the kick-off for negative rates to be scrapped, making the BOJ one of the few central banks in the world actually tightening.

"Since the last meeting in October, 10-year JGB yields have fallen and the yen has appreciated, giving the BOJ little incentive to revise policy at this stage," said Barclays economist Christian Keller.

"We think the BOJ will wait to confirm the result of the 'shunto' wage negotiations next spring, before moving in April."

---- Over in the United States, a reading on core personal consumption expenditure (PCE) index is forecast by analysts to rise 0.2% in November with the annual inflation rate slowing to its lowest since mid-2021 at 3.4%.

Analysts suspect the balance of risk is on the downside and a rise of 0.1% for the month would see the six-month annualised pace of inflation slow to just 2.1% and almost at the Federal Reserve's target of 2%.

Markets reckon the slowdown in inflation means the Fed will have to ease policy just to stop real rates from rising, and are wagering on early and aggressive action.

New York Fed President John Williams did try to rain on the parade on Friday by saying there was no talk of easing by policy makers, but markets were disinclined to listen.

MARCH MADNESS

Two-year Treasury yields ticked up only slightly in response, and still ended the week down a steep 28 basis points at the lowest close since mid-May.

Yields on 10-year notes stood at 3.91%, having dived 33 basis points last week in the biggest weekly fall since early 2020.

Fed fund futures imply a 74% chance of a rate cut as early as March, while May has 39 basis points (bp) of easing priced in. The market also implies at least 140 basis points of cuts for all of 2024.

More

Asia shares subdued for BOJ meeting, US inflation test | Reuters

Asia markets take a breather, Bank of Japan policy meet and China LPR in focus this week

UPDATED SUN, DEC 17 2023 9:35 PM EST

Asia-Pacific markets dipped Monday at the start of the penultimate week of 2023, after most markets in the region rallied last week following the U.S. Federal Reserve’s decision to hold rates and its roadmap for rate cuts in 2024 and 2025.

The Bank of Japan will meet for the last time this year. A note from Dutch bank ING said it expects the BOJ to maintain all its major policy settings, “though the overall tone about future policy at the press conference and statement could start to soften.“

A Reuters poll of economists also expects the BOJ to maintain its benchmark interest rate at -0.1%.

Separately, China will release its loan prime rates on Wednesday, while inflation data from Japan is due Friday.

In Australia, the S&P/ASX 200 was 0.26% lower, on pace to snap a six-day winning streak.

Japan’s Nikkei 225 dropped 1.22%, while the Topix saw a larger loss of 1.56%.

South Korea’s Kospi struggled to make headway, falling 0.11%; the small-cap Kosdaq was the outlier, rising 1.35%.

Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index dropped 0.85%, while the mainland Chinese CSI 300 inched down 0.30%.

On Friday in the U.S., markets ended mixed, and with the Dow Jones Industrial Average up 0.2% and setting a new intraday record and the Nasdaq Composite 0.4% higher. The Nasdaq-100 ended Friday at 16,623.45, topping a record close dating back to November 2021.

In contrast, the S&P500 slipped marginally, but still logged gains for a seventh straight week to mark its longest winning streak since 2017.

Asia stock markets today: Live updates (cnbc.com)

Stock futures are little changed after major averages rally for seven consecutive weeks: Live updates

UPDATED SUN, DEC 17 2023 7:00 PM EST

U.S. stock futures traded near the flatline Sunday night after the three major averages notched their seventh straight week of gains. The Dow Jones Industrial Average recorded a new intraday record, and the Nasdaq 100 had a new closing high. 

Futures tied to the Dow industrials added 34 points, or 0.1%. The S&P 500 futures also inched up 0.1%, while Nasdaq 100 futures rose by just 0.02%.

The winning streak for the S&P 500 marked its longest string of weekly gains since 2017. The broad market index is up by 3.3% for the month, while the Dow and Nasdaq are 3.8% and 4.1% higher, respectively. 

Investor sentiment took a positive turn last week after the Federal Reserve indicated three short-term interest rate cuts are expected in 2024 amid cooling inflation. 

“Slowing inflation, low growth expectations, and intact growth momentum is a great combination from a market perspective. We’ve argued time and again that this is a backdrop that is as Goldilocks as it gets,” HSBC chief multi-asset strategist Max Kettner wrote in a Friday note. 

Kettner noted, however, that near-term growth and earnings expectations in the U.S. remain weak. The current winning streak seems similar to the 2017-2018 market rally, he added, where broadly bullish sentiment gave way to disappointment in January “by the blow-up in implied equity market volatility.”

“So, for the first time in H2, we are starting to be wary of the positive momentum. It may be prudent to start 2024 on a more cautious note,” Kettner said. 

On the economic front, investors will be looking toward December’s business leaders survey and housing market index results. Monday marks the start of the final full trading week of 2023.

Stock futures are little changed after major averages rally for seven consecutive weeks: Live updates (cnbc.com)

Wall Street Breakfast: The Week Ahead

Dec. 17, 2023 7:55 AM ET

The economic calendar is heavy next week as releases covering housing, manufacturing, and consumer sentiment pour in just ahead of the three-day weekend for the Christmas holiday. The key release will be the monthly update on core PCE. The Federal Reserve's favored inflation gauge is forecast to show a soft 0.2% month-over-month rise in November to take the year-over-year rate down to +3.4%. Crucially, that mark would also imply a six-month annualized inflation rate of just above 2.0%, which is the Fed's stated inflation target. If the core PCE number comes in close to expectations, the buzz over lower interest rates may continue.

At the time of publication, federal funds futures trading implied a 95% probability that the Fed's target rate would be lower than the current level after the May FOMC meeting. Globally, the Bank of Japan meeting next week also has the potential for some dramatic news on the end of the negative interest rate era for the nation.

Wall Street Breakfast: The Week Ahead | Seeking Alpha

Finally, if this lasts very long, it will have a big impact across Europe.

More shipping giants suspend passage via Red Sea after attacks

December 16, 2023

Two more major shipping firms, Mediterranean Shipping Company and CMA CGM, said on Saturday they were suspending passage through a Red Sea strait vital for global trade, after Yemeni rebel attacks in the area.

The announcement by Italian-Swiss giant MSC and France's CMA CGM follows a similar decision on Friday by two of the world's largest shipping companies, Maersk and Hapag-Lloyd, in response to a warning by the Iran-backed Huthi rebels.

The Huthis, who control much of Yemen but are not recognised internationally, said they were targeting vessels near the strategic Bab al-Mandab strait to pressure Israel over its devastating war with Palestinian Hamas militants in the Gaza Strip.

Forty percent of the world's international trade transits through the strait, which runs between Yemen, on the southwestern tip of the Arabian Peninsula, and the African continent.

The tensions have added to fears that the Gaza conflict could spread.

An American destroyer on Saturday shot down more than a dozen drones in the Red Sea launched from Huthi-controlled areas of Yemen, the US Central Command (CENTCOM) said.

And the UK government said one of its destroyers had also brought down a suspected attack drone in the area.

MSC, one of the world's largest freight shipping lines, said one of its container vessels had been targeted in the Red Sea on Friday and it was halting traffic through the strait until it was safe. 

No one on the MSC Palatium III was wounded but the ship suffered fire damage, the company said.

CMA CGM said it had ordered all its vessels to leave the area and stay there until further notice.

"The situation continues to deteriorate and there are increasing concerns about security," it said.

More shipping giants suspend passage via Red Sea after attacks (msn.com)

Global Inflation/Stagflation/Recession Watch.

Given our Magic Money Tree central banksters and our spendthrift politicians, inflation now needs an entire section of its own.

Bank of Canada diverges from Fed, says rates not coming down soon

By David Ljunggren and Dale Smith 

OTTAWA, Dec 15 (Reuters) - The Bank of Canada on Friday made clear that interest rates were not coming down any time soon, putting it on a divergent path from the U.S. Federal Reserve, which said this week that easing could be on the timetable.

The Canadian central bank raised rates by a quarter point in both June and July to a 22-year high and has left them on hold in the three policy-setting meetings since. Inflation slowed to 3.1% in October, down from a 2022 peak of more than 8%, but has remained above the bank's 2% target since March 2021.

"The Fed is going to do what they need to do. We're going to focus on what needs to be done here in Canada," Governor Tiff Macklem told a business audience in Toronto after a speech.

"We have not started having that discussion (about cutting rates), because it's too early to have that discussion. We're still discussing whether we raised interest rates enough and how long they need to stay where they are."

Money markets expect the bank to begin easing as soon as April and for rates to fall 125 basis points in 2024.0#BOCWATCH

U.S. central bank chief Jerome Powell on Wednesday said the historic tightening of monetary policy is likely over, with a discussion of cuts in borrowing costs coming into view.

 

The Bank of Canada had previously forecast inflation should hit 2% by end-2025 but Macklem - making his last public appearance of 2023 - told reporters it should be closer to target by the end of next year.

"Inflation is still too high. If we don't do enough ... ultimately, we're probably going to have to raise rates even further to get it down," he said. Earlier, in his speech, he had said future inflation declines were likely to be gradual.

Macklem also expressed increasing optimism it could bring inflation back down to target but said the next few quarters would be difficult as high interest rates restrict the economy.

"The 2% inflation target is now in sight. And while we're not there yet, the conditions increasingly appear to be in place to get us there," he said.

The European Central Bank this week said policy easing was not even brought up in a two-day meeting, and the Bank of England said rates would remain high for "an extended period".

"I expect 2024 to be a year of transition ... with the cost of living still increasing too quickly, and with growth subdued, the next two to three quarters will be difficult for many," said Macklem, adding the jobless rate was likely to rise further.

The central bank held its key overnight rate at 5% on Dec 6 and left the door open to another hike, saying it was still concerned about inflation while acknowledging an economic slowdown and a general easing of prices.

"Today's speech reinforces the building sense that the Bank is comfortable that policy rates are now tight enough to quell inflation," said Andrew Kelvin, chief Canada strategist at TD Securities.

Bank of Canada diverges from Fed, says rates not coming down soon | Reuters

America’s Sugar Shortfall Leaves Candy-Makers Scrounging

Sat, December 16, 2023 at 3:00 PM GMT

(Bloomberg) -- Bonbons and candy canes may dominate the American holiday aesthetic, but US confectionery companies are feeling anything but jolly as they head into one of the sugar market’s tightest years in recent memory.

Prolonged droughts in major cane-producers Mexico and Louisiana have helped push US sugar futures to the highest ever for this time of year and forced users to turn to high-cost imports instead. Sweets-makers paying up to snag supplies are choosing to protect their margins by raising prices for consumers — and hoping shoppers don’t balk at the mark-up.

“We just found that it was better to just pay more for sugar and pass it along to the consumer than to be completely out of sugar,” said Kirk Vashaw, chief executive officer of Dum Dums lollipop maker Spangler Candy Co. “And there’s a lot of other companies that I think thought the same thing.”

Candy is big business in the US: Confectionery retail sales are forecast to be $48.8 billion this year, according to consumer research group Euromonitor International. With about 1,600 manufacturing sites across all 50 states, the US sector employs more than 200,000 people, the National Confectioners Association estimates — with more than double the number of indirect roles, like suppliers.

Rising food costs have been a problem ever since pandemic-era supply chain snags and labor shortages blindsided businesses in 2020. Even now, food prices for many everyday items remain at their highest levels ever — and sweets have been particularly hard hit. Consumer prices for confectionery items rose 13.4% in the 12-month period ending Nov. 25, according to data from consumer researcher NIQ, outpacing overall grocery gains.

Although inflation is a problem the world over, the US sugar market has been uniquely impacted due to its protectionist regulations. US rules cap both domestic sales and the volume of foreign supplies that can be brought in under low duties; all other sugar imports past those so-called tariff-rate quotas are subject to higher taxes. The regulations are intended to protect grower profits, especially given higher US production costs, and prevent other countries from flooding the US with sugar.

More

America’s Sugar Shortfall Leaves Candy-Makers Scrounging (yahoo.com)

Covid-19 Corner

This section will continue until it becomes unneeded.

Pfizer mRNA Vaccine Makes ‘Aberrant Proteins,’ Experts Concerned About Autoimmunity Events

A study shows that Pfizer vaccines were significantly more likely to produce proteins that some experts believe may increase cancer and autoimmune risk.

12/13/2023  Updated:  12/15/2023

 

There may be around a 1 in 10 chance that Pfizer mRNA COVID-19 vaccines will not generate spike proteins but something else, a new Cambridge study finds, raising concerns about autoimmune response among experts.

The study authors found that 8 percent of the time, Pfizer mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are mistranslated, leading to the formation of unintended proteins.

This mistranslation is primarily driven by Pfizer's modification to their mRNA bases.

“Our work presents both a concern and a solution for this new type of medicine,” said leading author Anne Willis in the study’s press release.

One can think of mRNA vaccines as a set of instructions used to make spike proteins. Once the vaccine enters the cell, ribosomes interpret the mRNA instructions to make proteins, like spike proteins.

If the instructions are misinterpreted, errors in the final protein may be produced. Some errors are minor, like misspelling one word in a text, while others are more detrimental.

This misinterpretation is called a frameshift, which occurs when one or two mRNA bases are skipped. Since mRNA bases are translated in sets of threes, skipping a base would affect all the sequences downstream, leading to new proteins being formed.

“Frameshifting results in the production multiple, unique and potentially aberrant proteins,” immunologist Jessica Rose wrote in her Substack article discussing the study.

While most naturally occurring mRNA contains uridine, the Pfizer mRNA vaccines use N1-methylpseudouridine. This makes the mRNA sequence hardier and less prone to breakdown by the immune system. Pfizer’s opting for less commonly occurring mRNA bases is also why some scientists call the mRNA vaccines modified RNA, or modRNA.

By implementing additional edits to the mRNA sequences, the authors were able to reduce further frameshifted proteins.

Although "there is no evidence: that the aberrant proteins generated by Pfizer vaccination are associated with adverse outcomes, for future use of mRNA technology, it is important that "mRNA sequence design is modified" to reduce these shifts, the authors concluded.

More

Pfizer mRNA Vaccine Makes ‘Aberrant Proteins,’ Experts Concerned About Autoimmunity Events | The Epoch Times

Technology Update.

With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, among other things, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported.

White-hot thermal grid battery aims to decimate lithium on price

Loz Blain  December 14, 2023

Fourth Power says its ultra-high temperature "sun in a box" energy storage tech is more than 10X cheaper than lithium-ion batteries, and vastly more powerful and efficient than any other thermal battery. It's hoping to prove it with a 1-MWh prototype.

As a grid-level energy storage solution, Fourth aims to compete with big lithium battery arrays in the short-duration 5-10 hour range – basically storing excess solar energy during the heat of the day for use in the evening and at night when generation drops off. But the company says it's also relevant up to the 100-hour stage, which would cover the "several days of bad weather and poor renewable generation" case.

This is one of a number of thermal energy storage companies coming up out of Massachusetts and backed by Bill Gates's Breakthrough Energy Ventures fund. You might remember Antora Energy from a few months ago, with its ultra-hot carbon block batteries and high-efficiency thermophotovoltaic energy converters, for example.

The idea is simple enough: you take excess renewable energy and use it to heat something up inside a heavily insulated storage system. Both Antora and Fourth use big, super cheap and abundant blocks of graphite for bulk energy storage – in Fourth's case, heating them up as high as a white-hot 2,500 °C (4,530 °F).

Energy is moved around Fourth's system using liquid tin metal, which melts at a relatively low 232 °C (450 °F). This is Fourth's secret sauce, and relies on a Guinness World Record-holding pump designed by founder Dr. Asegun Henry. At high temperatures over about 1,000 °C (1,800 °F), liquid metals can destroy metallic pumps, but Henry claims his engineered ceramic design will happily operate up to "almost half the sun's temperature" – we assume this refers to the 5,600-odd °C (10,000 °F) on the Sun's surface rather than the 15 million °C (27 million °F) at the core.

These pumps move the superheated liquid tin around a graphite plumbing system, transferring heat from the heating elements to the graphite blocks, and then taking it from the blocks to the energy recovery system when it's time to send it back to the grid.

To recover the energy, the liquid tin is pumped through lots of narrow graphite pipes inside an array of power-harvesting cells. These pipes become white-hot and emit intense light, which is harvested through thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells – much like solar cells, but tuned to work optimally with this storage system. At these temperatures, nearly all the heat transfer happens as light rather than conductive or convective heat, and these TPV systems are able to harvest energy using photovoltaic principles. Indeed, that's the major reason behind the company name; the light emitted by an object scales with the "fourth power" of its absolute temperature.

---- As the energy is harvested, the liquid tin drops from around 2,400 °C to 1,900 °C, (4,350 °F to 3,450 °F) and it's sent back to the heating elements to be "recharged" when energy is available.

The combination of that liquid tin pumping system and these high-efficiency TPV cells, says the company, combine to give you a thermal battery that's incredibly responsive, delivering energy back to the grid within seconds of a demand spike, and with an unprecedented power density, since the system can "transfer 10 to 100 times more heat than any other company with the same size equipment."

Fourth says it's aiming for a round-trip energy efficiency of around 50% from these thermal batteries – which is not great compared with the significantly higher efficiency of a big lithium battery array. It also appears to assume some pretty considerable development on the TPV side, since the record set back in 2022 was closer to 41%. And efficiency will be lower over longer-term storage use cases, in which it'll lose an estimated 1% of its stored energy per day.

But the power game is all about cold, hard cash, and here, Fourth says there's absolutely no contest. It's nearly all made of super-cheap graphite and tin instead of pricey refined lithium, so where a lithium battery setup might cost around US$330 per kilowatt-hour of stored and returned energy, Fourth claims it'll get the same job done for less than $25. So even if it'll throw away more electricity, the bottom line will still make it a financial no-brainer.

More

White-hot thermal grid battery aims to decimate lithium on price (newatlas.com)

A large Bank is exactly the place where a vain and shallow person in authority, if he be a man of gravity and method, as such men often are, may do infinite evil in no long time, and before he is detected. If he is lucky enough to begin at a time of expansion in trade, he is nearly sure not to be found out till the time of contraction has arrived, and then very large figures will be required to reckon the evil he has done.

Walter Bagehot. Lombard Street, 1873.

 

 

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