Monday, 20 March 2023

CS Gone/Rescued. Who’s Next? What’s Next?

Baltic Dry Index. 1535  -25             Brent Crude 72.33

Spot Gold 1992                   US 2 Year Yield 3.81 -0.33

Coronavirus Cases 01/04/20 World 1,000,000

Deaths 53,103

Coronavirus Cases 20/03/23 World 682,546,389

Deaths 6,819,835

"There is no means of avoiding the final collapse of a boom brought about by credit expansion. The alternative is only whether the crisis should come sooner as the result of voluntary abandonment of further credit expansion, or later as a final and total catastrophe of the currency system involved."

Ludwig von Mises.

An interesting, if trying, week lies ahead.

Will the UBS rescue of failed bank Credit Suisse be enough to end the rolling bankster crisis?  While the forced “rescue” all but wipes out CS’s shareholders it’s not entirely clear what it does to the bondholders.  Nor is it clear who will take massive hits from the damage to the shareholders. How long before the global redundancies start?

To prevent a global dollar shortage crisis, several central banks will provide extra liquidity via hastily arranged new standing U.S. dollar liquidity swap lines.

In other news this week, President Xi is in Moscow in support of President Putin.

The US central bank meets this week to set its key interest rate. Given what’s just happened in banking, a case could be made for doing nothing or cutting by a quarter percent, but given the latest US inflation figures a case could be made for increasing their key interest rate by a quarter or a half percent.

Former US President Trump says he expects to be arrested and indicted tomorrow.

 

UBS buys Credit Suisse for $3.2 billion as regulators look to shore up the global banking system

UBS agreed to buy its embattled rival Credit Suisse for 3 billion Swiss francs ($3.2 billion) Sunday, with Swiss regulators playing a key part in the deal as governments looked to stem a contagion threatening the global banking system.

“With the takeover of Credit Suisse by UBS, a solution has been found to secure financial stability and protect the Swiss economy in this exceptional situation,” read a statement from the Swiss National Bank, which noted the central bank worked with the Swiss government and the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority to bring about the combination of the country’s two largest banks.

The terms of the deal will see Credit Suisse shareholders receive 1 UBS share for every 22.48 Credit Suisse shares they hold.

“This acquisition is attractive for UBS shareholders but, let us be clear, as far as Credit Suisse is concerned, this is an emergency rescue. We have structured a transaction which will preserve the value left in the business while limiting our downside exposure,” said UBS Chairman Colm Kelleher in a statement.

The combined bank will have $5 trillion of invested assets, according to UBS.

“We are committed to making this deal a great success. There are no options in this,” Kelleher said when asked during the press conference if the bank could back out of the deal. “This is absolutely essential to the financial structure of Switzerland and ... to global finance.”

The Swiss National Bank pledged a loan of up to 100 billion Swiss francs ($108 billion) to support the takeover. The Swiss government also granted a guarantee to assume losses up to 9 billion Swiss francs from certain assets over a preset threshold “in order to reduce any risks for UBS,” said a separate government statement.

“This is a commercial solution and not a bailout,” said Karin Keller-Sutter, the Swiss finance minister, in a press conference Sunday.

The UBS deal was scrambled together before markets reopened for trading Monday after Credit Suisse shares logged their worst weekly decline since the onset of the coronavirus pandemic. The losses came despite a new loan of up to 50 billion Swiss francs ($54 billion) granted from the Swiss central bank last week, in an effort to halt the slide and restore confidence in the bank.

News of the deal was welcomed by Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell in a statement. “The capital and liquidity positions of the U.S. banking system are strong, and the U.S. financial system is resilient. We have been in close contact with our international counterparts to support their implementation,” they said.

Credit Suisse had already been battling a string of losses and scandals, and in the last two weeks, sentiment was rocked again as banks in the U.S. reeled from the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank.

More

UBS buys Credit Suisse for $3.2 billion as regulators look to shore up the global banking system (cnbc.com)

Analysis: UBS swallows Credit Suisse, casting shadow over Switzerland

LONDON, March 20 (Reuters) - UBS Group (UBSG.S) emerged as Switzerland’s one and only global bank with a state-backed rescue of its smaller peer Credit Suisse, a risky bet that makes the Swiss economy more dependent on a single lender.

---- The transaction – the first rescue of a global bank since the financial crisis of 2008 – grants enormous clout to UBS, ridding it of its main rival. It will change the landscape of banking in Switzerland, where branches of Credit Suisse and UBS are dotted everywhere, sometimes just metres apart.

The two lenders have been pillars of global finance for decades. The banks, two of the most systemically relevant in global finance, hold combined assets of up to 140% of Swiss gross domestic product in a country heavily dependent on finance for its economy.

Following the 2008 financial crash, politicians pledged to never bail out banks again. The Credit Suisse rescue, orchestrated with public money, shows banks' continued vulnerability and how their problems can quickly rebound on their home country.

But it also removes a competitor to Wall Street, with UBS planning to pare back much of Credit Suisse’s investment bank.

"Under normal circumstances, I would say it is an absolutely fantastic deal for UBS," said Johann Scholtz, equity analyst at Morningstar, covering European Banks, Amsterdam. "In the current environment, it is a bit more complicated as there is a lot of uncertainty generally in the markets."

---- UBS will pay $3.2 billion for 167-year-old Credit Suisse and assume at least $5.4 billion in losses from unwinding its portfolio of derivatives and other risky assets. Credit Suisse had a market value of about $8 billion at the close on Friday.

Holders of Credit Suisse’s Additional Tier 1 bonds will get wiped out and in a controversial move will come secondary to equity holders who will receive at least some UBS shares.

It marks a radical twist of fate for the banks. During the great financial crash, it was UBS and not Credit Suisse that needed state support.

More

Analysis: UBS swallows Credit Suisse, casting shadow over Switzerland | Reuters

 

Hong Kong shares slide over 2%, Asia markets mostly fall after UBS buys Credit Suisse

UPDATED MON, MAR 20 2023 12:18 AM EDT

Asia-Pacific markets largely fell on Monday after UBS agreed to buy its banking rival Credit Suisse in a $3.2 billion takeover over the weekend.

The Hang Seng index led losses in the region, falling over 2.5% and dragged down by health-care stocks. The Hang Seng Tech index was 2.6% lower.

In mainland China, the Shanghai Composite was up 0.14%, while the Shenzhen Component was 0.28% higher. This comes after China left its one-year and five-year loan prime rate unchanged at 3.65% and 4.3% respectively.

In Australia, the S&P/ASX 200 fell 1.16%, while Japan’s Nikkei 225 was 1.02% down and the Topix was 1.17% lower.

South Korea’s Kospi is 0.47% lower, but the Kosdaq bucked the trend in Asian markets, trading at 0.47% higher.

On Friday, U.S. stocks fell to round off a roller coaster week as investors pulled back from positions in First Republic and other bank shares amid lingering concerns over the state of the U.S. banking sector.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 1.19%, the S&P 500 slid 1.10%, and the Nasdaq Composite was down 0.74%.

Hong Kong regulators say Credit Suisse branches will open for business as usual

Hong Kong’s Monetary Authority and its Securities and Futures Commission announced Credit Suisse operations in the city will continue as usual, after the UBS takeover of the embattled bank over the weekend.

Credit Suisse’s operations in Hong Kong comprise a branch supervised by the HKMA and two licensed corporations supervised by the SFC.

The regulators said the “customers can continue to access their deposits with the branch and trading services provided by Credit Suisse for Hong Kong’s stock and derivatives markets.”

“The exposures of the local banking sector to Credit Suisse are insignificant,” regulators pointed out, adding that total assets of the Hong Kong branch amounted to about HK$100 billion (US$12.74 billion), representing less than 0.5% of its banking sector. 

Shares of Hong Kong banks were down sharply on Monday morning, with HSBC shedding 4.37% and being one of the top losers on the HSI, while Standard Chartered lost 3.81%.

Asia markets UBS, Credit Suisse; China, loan prime rates (cnbc.com)

Bank of England to start repo operations at 0815 GMT on Monday

March 19, 2023

LONDON (Reuters) - The Bank of England said it would hold the first of its new, daily seven-day maturity repo operations - part of a global central bank response to the crisis at Credit Suisse - at 0815 GMT on Monday.

The BoE along with the Bank of Canada, the Bank of Japan, the European Central Bank, the Federal Reserve and the Swiss National Bank said jointly on Sunday they would enhance liquidity provision via new standing U.S. dollar liquidity swap lines.

Bank of England to start repo operations at 0815 GMT on Monday (msn.com)

 

S&P cuts First Republic deeper into junk, says $30 billion infusion may not solve problems

First Republic Bank saw its credit ratings downgraded deeper into junk status by S&P Global, which said the lender’s recent $30 billion deposit infusion from 11 big banks may not solve its liquidity problems.

S&P cut First Republic’s credit rating three notches to “B-plus” from “BB-plus,” and warned that another downgrade is possible. Other ratings were also lowered.

The agency said First Republic likely faced “high liquidity stress with substantial outflows” last week, reflecting its need for more deposits, increased borrowings from the Federal Reserve, and the suspension of its common stock dividend.

It said that while the deposit infusion should ease near-term liquidity pressures, it “may not solve the substantial business, liquidity, funding, and profitability challenges that we believe the bank is now likely facing.”

Sunday’s downgrade by S&P was the second in four days for First Republic, which previously held an “A-minus” credit rating.

It could add to market concerns about the San Francisco-based bank, which has scrambled to assure investors and depositors about its health following this month’s collapses of Silicon Valley Bank, which also served many wealthy clients, and Signature Bank.

Another rating agency, Moody’s Investors Service, downgraded First Republic to junk status on Friday.

More

S&P cuts First Republic deeper into junk, says $30 billion infusion may not solve problems (cnbc.com)

Finally, how the San Fran Fed missed Silly Con Valley Bank.

Why woke ‘Frisco Fed chief missed Silicon Valley Bank’s warning signs

By  Paul Sperry  March 17, 2023

Wokeness has replaced competence and merit across the banking sector, and San Francisco Fed Chief Mary Daly is the poster child of this pernicious trend.

A protege of Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and short-list candidate for Federal Reserve vice chair, Daly was supposed to be supervising Silicon Valley Bank but apparently was too busy playing politics and pushing woke agendas to regulate rogue banks like SVB, the second-biggest bank failure on record.

Daly had other priorities, including climate change, George Floyd and Black Lives Matter, inequities between blacks and whites, LGBTQ+ rights and a host of other woke social-justice issues that had nothing to do with banking and finance.

Daly’s Fed bio gushes she’s committed to “understanding the economic and financial risks of climate change and inequities.” Never mind the more existential threat of banks in her jurisdiction amassing mortgage bonds with longer maturities that exposed investors to greater interest-rate risk.

In a recent LinkedIn post, Daly appeared sidetracked by racial justice, writing: “What Black voices have I lifted up? Equity & inclusion begins with me. #GeorgeFloyd.” She also posted selfies with local Black Lives Matter activists.

Meanwhile, Daly missed all the warning signs of runaway inflation, which led to the steep interest-rate hikes that made SVB’s investments worthless.

 

In 2021, she said, “I am not thinking that we have unwanted inflation around the corner. I don’t think that’s a risk.”

Early last year, moreover, Daly denied the economy was suffering from painful inflation: “That’s not what I see.” She also didn’t see the need for hiking interest rates.

Then in August, she said inflation didn’t affect her personally, so what’s the big deal? “I don’t feel the pain of inflation anymore,” Daly told Reuters.

“I’m not immune to gas prices rising, food prices rising,” she added. “But I don’t find myself in a space where I have to make trade-offs, because I have enough, and many, many Americans have enough.”

Easy for her to say: She pulls down more than $422,000 a year.

From her policy papers, speeches and interviews, it’s clear that Daly thinks the Fed’s core mission isn’t controlling inflation but achieving full employment — and raising interest rates just hurts that goal. Her agenda is more jobs and higher wages for minorities, so sound money is not a priority for her — even though inflation is a huge tax on the working class and especially minorities.

Until recently, Daly was opposed to the Fed’s hawkish shift to tightening credit to fight inflation. Her bank examiners no doubt shared her dovish mindset and didn’t anticipate rates increasing, which may also explain why alarms weren’t raised at SVB.

Daly has no background in banking or managing risk. After dropping out of high school, she worked in a donut shop before eventually getting her GED and entering college, where she became enamored with a socialist professor.

She said she was inspired by Marxian economist Gene Wagner, who “has mentored me my whole life.”

Several years later, after earning a PhD from Syracuse University, Daly landed a job as a labor inequality researcher at the San Francisco Fed, where she ingratiated herself with then-SF Fed President Janet Yellen, who helped her fail upward.

Daly called Yellen an “important mentor in my life . 

More

Why woke 'Frisco Fed chief missed Silicon Valley Bank's warning signs (nypost.com)

 

Global Inflation/Stagflation/Recession Watch.

Given our Magic Money Tree central banksters and our spendthrift politicians, inflation now needs an entire section of its own.

‘Not QE’ as Fed Trapped Between a ‘Rock and a Hard Place’

Updated: March 18, 2023

“QE” or Quantitative Easing has been the bull’s siren song for the last decade, but will “Not QE” be the same?

Last week, amid a rash of bank insolvencies, government agencies took action to stem a potential banking crisis. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Treasury, and the Fed issued a Bank Term Lending Program with a $25 billion loan backstop to protect uninsured depositors from the Silicon Valley Bank failure. An orchestrated $30 billion uninsured deposit by 11 major banks into First Republic Bank followed. Those deposits would not occur without Federal Reserve and Treasury assurances.

The details of the Bank Term Funding Program were described in the Federal Reserve press release.

“The additional funding will be made available through the creation of a new Bank Term Funding Program (BTFP), offering loans of up to one year in length to banks, savings associations, credit unions, and other eligible depository institutions pledging U.S. Treasuries, agency debt and mortgage-backed securities, and other qualifying assets as collateral. These assets will be valued at par. The BTFP will be an additional source of liquidity against high-quality securities, eliminating an institution’s need to quickly sell those securities in times of stress.

“With approval of the Treasury Secretary, the Department of the Treasury will make available up to $25 billion from the Exchange Stabilization Fund as a backstop for the BTFP. The Federal Reserve does not anticipate that it will be necessary to draw on these backstop funds.”

Banks quickly tapped the program, as shown by a $152 billion surge in borrowings from the Federal Reserve. It is the most significant borrowing in one week since the depths of the Financial Crisis.

The importance of this program is that it will inject up to $2 Trillion into the financial system, Bloomberg reported.

“‘The usage of the Fed’s Bank Term Funding Program is likely to be big,’ strategists led by Nikolaos Panigirtzoglou in London wrote in a client note Wednesday. While the largest banks are unlikely to tap the program, the maximum usage envisaged for the facility is close to $2 trillion, which is the par amount of bonds held by US banks outside the five biggest, they said.”

As Bloomberg notes, major banks like JP Morgan likely will not tap the Feds lending program due to the stigma often attached to such usage. Moreover, there are roughly $3 Trillion in reserves in the U.S. banking system, of which the top five major banks hold a significant portion. However, as I noted last week in “Bank Runs:”

The Fed caused this problem by aggressively hiking rates which dropped collateral values. Such has left some banks which didn’t hedge their loan/bond portfolios with insufficient collateral to cover the deposits during a ‘bank run.’

As shown, the rapid increase in rates by the Fed drained bank reserves.

The demand by banks for liquidity has now put the Federal Reserve between a rock and a hard place. While the Fed remains adamant in its inflation fight, the BTFP may be the next QE program disguised as Not QE.

More

‘Not QE’ as Fed Trapped Between a ‘Rock and a Hard Place’ (theepochtimes.com)

 

Covid-19 Corner

This section will continue until it becomes unneeded.

 

COVID-19 Vaccines Can Cause ‘Permanent Disabilities,’ Says German Health Minister

Mar 16 2023

Germany’s Minister of Health Karl Lauterbach, who once claimed that COVID-19 vaccination is free of side effects, admitted last week that he was wrong, saying adverse reactions occur at a rate of one in 10,000 doses and can cause “severe disabilities.”

 

On Aug. 14, 2021, Lauterbach said on Twitter that the vaccines had “no side effects,” further questioning why some Germans refused to get vaccinated against COVID-19.

During an interview on ZDF’s “Heute Journal” on March 12, Lauterbach was asked by anchor Christian Sievers about the claim he made in the summer of 2021, confronting the health minister with his previous tweet that stated the shots are virtually free of side effects.

 

Lauterbach responded that the tweet was “misguided” and an “exaggeration” he made at the time, noting that it “did not represent my true position.”

 

“I’ve always been aware of the numbers and they’ve remained relatively stable … one in 10,000 [are injured],” Lauterbach said. “Some say that it’s a lot, and some say it’s not so many.”

 

Lauterbach’s remark on vaccine adverse events came after the German network played a segment of several Germans who’ve been seriously injured after getting the shot, including a 17-year-old gymnast who previously competed in the German Artistic Gymnastics Championships before she was hospitalized for more than one year shortly after receiving the second dose of the BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.

“What do you say to those who have been affected [by vaccine injuries]?” Sievers asked Lauterbach.

“What’s happened to these people is absolutely dismaying, and every single case is one too many,” Lauterbach responded. “I honestly feel very sorry for these people. There are severe disabilities, and some of them will be permanent.”

Steve Kirsch, executive director of the Vaccine Safety Research Foundation, did not agree with Lauterbach, but he commended the health minister for making “progress” when comparing his latest remark to his previous comments regarding the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines.

 

“The true rate of serious adverse events is approximately 100 times greater than the figures Lauterbach cited—’closer to 1 in 100 doses’ and ‘For death, it is ~1 in 1,000 doses,'” Kirsch said on Twitter.

 

By Oct. 31, 2022, the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut received a total of 333,492 individual case reports on suspected COVID-19 vaccine adverse reactions or vaccine side effects in Germany, according to official data (pdf) released in December 2022 by the medical regulatory body that researches vaccines and biomedicines.

 

“The number of individual case reports per month peaked in December 2021 and continued through the summer,” according to the federal agency, which is subordinate to the German Ministry of Health.

 

Despite these findings, the country’s health ministry website states, as of March 16, that “modern vaccines are safe and adverse effects only occur in sporadic cases.”

 

Lawsuits Pending

As the subject of post-vaccine injuries has started to be more widely covered by some German media outlets, lawsuits have begun to roll out against BioNTech, and also against other COVID-19 vaccine manufacturers.

 

BioNTech has denied all responsibilities, ZDF reported.

 

Vaccine manufacturers such as Pfizer and Moderna have immunity from liability if something unintentionally goes wrong with their vaccines, putting them in a very strong legal position.

More

COVID-19 Vaccines Can Cause ‘Permanent Disabilities,’ Says German Health Minister (theepochtimes.com)

Regulatory Focus COVID-19 vaccine tracker. https://www.raps.org/news-and-articles/news-articles/2020/3/covid-19-vaccine-tracker

Some other useful Covid links.

Johns Hopkins Coronavirus resource centre

https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html

Centers for Disease Control Coronavirus

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

The Spectator Covid-19 data tracker (UK)

https://data.spectator.co.uk/city/national

Technology Update.

With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, among other things, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported.

How EV battery range has improved over the years

A decade ago, a new EV may have struggled to cope with a round trip to the shops before running out of electricity. Today, however, range concerns are largely academic.

Andrew Charman

The popularity of electric vehicles is growing rapidly each year as we head towards the end of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. Back in 2017, about 4,000 new EVs were sold in the UK – this year, that number could reach 500,000 cars.

But there are still many motorists who dismiss any thought of owning an EV, discouraged particularly by what has been dubbed ‘range anxiety’ – the fear that your car will run out of battery charge and you’ll be left stranded, many miles from the nearest charging point.

Certain sections of the tabloid media still trot out this view, with stories concerning EVs that routinely claim buyers are put off buying such vehicles by their limited range. And it’s certainly true that plenty of people still hold this perception.

But the reality is very different. Electric vehicles, their batteries and the charging infrastructure have all changed massively. Even in the last five years, things have evolved significantly and battery range continues to improve at a rapid rate. Which means that owners don’t need to charge their cars as often.

Around 15 years ago, EV pioneers had real range limitations. The first Nissan Leaf offered a battery range of about 100 miles, while the original Smart Fortwo Electric Drive struggled to see even 50 miles on a charge in real-world driving. It was from here that phrase ‘range anxiety’ evolved as a prime reason not to buy an electric car.

The first big step for EV driving range arrived in 2014 with Amercian brand Tesla and its large Model S saloon. With a claimed battery range of more than 300 miles, it was a massive leap forward.

Well, maybe not quite as massive as it sounded. It was quickly reported that the big Tesla didn’t get anywhere near its claimed battery range in real-world driving. What Car? reported that the Model S 57D model claimed 304 miles of range, but only achieved 204 miles in testing.

Other new arrivals saw similar discrepancies between their official range figures and the real-world numbers. Hyundai and Kia launched the Kona Electric and e-Niro models, respectively, which achieved ranges closer to their lab numbers but still short. The Jaguar I-Pace was similar, too, and all of this was feeding more negative headlines about EVs.

Part of the problem was that the old EU official lab figures were hopelessly inaccurate, and in no way indicative of real-world driving. This was partially addressed with a new testing regime starting in 2017. Called WLTP (don’t ask), it saw more meaningful figures for all new cars – not just EVs but regular petrol or diesel cars as well as hybrids.

As an example, the Nissan Leaf recorded an official battery range of 235 miles on the old testing cycle. This dropped to 168 miles in the new WLTP format, reflecting the more stringent tests.

Unfortunately, some tabloid media outlets used this revision to the testing methodology as another stick with which to beat electric cars, by highlighting how the driving range figures had generally reduced by 20-30%. Strangely, they didn’t bother pointing out that fuel consumption and driving range for petrol and diesel cars were similarly worse under the new system…

The WLTP system isn’t perfect, and the lab figures are usually still in excess of what you will manage in normal driving. But nowhere near to the level we had previously. The other point that is often conveniently overlooked is that petrol, diesel and hybrid cars massively overestimated their fuel economy as well, but without the strident headlines.

More

How EV battery range has improved over the years | The Car Expert

The true costs of very low interest rates

Artificial distortions can cause ‘clusters of errors’ by businesses

Caitlin Long  August 11, 2010

Interest rates are the most important prices in the economy, according to Nobel laureate F.A. Hayek, because they reflect the collective time preference of individuals to consume either now or later. Accordingly, interest rates co-ordinate allocation of capital across the economy by signalling to businesses whether they should invest. Distortions in interest rates can cause “clusters of errors” in which large swathes of businesses unwittingly miscalculate at the same time.

Hayek observed that interest rate stimulus interfered with economic calculations, causing managers to invest in projects that would not otherwise have appeared profitable. Losses can subsequently materialise as customer demand fails to meet forecasts that were, in retrospect, optimistic. Long-term projects are highly sensitive to interest rates and are therefore more susceptible to such distortions. Pension obligations and long-term, capital-intensive projects are at high risk of miscalculation based on artificially low rates.

Caitlin Long is/was head of Corporate Strategy, Capital Markets at Morgan Stanley.

https://www.ft.com/content/2838c142-a560-11df-a5b7-00144feabdc0

 

18 March 2023

 

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