Baltic
Dry Index. 2022 -122 Brent Crude 62.19
Spot Gold 4195 US 2 Year Yield 3.48 -0.04
US Federal Debt. 37.866 trillion
US GDP 30.330 trillion.
"In the long run, the gold
price has to go up in relation to paper money. There is no other way. To what
price, that depends on the scale of the inflation - and we know that inflation
will continue."
Nicholas L. Deak
Nicolas Louis Deák was a Hungarian-born US banker, chairman of
the Deak-Perera group and a secret service operative, serving both in the OSS
during World War II and its successor the CIA during the Cold War. Dubbed the 'James Bond of money.
In the stock casinos, it’s all about Trump’s trade war on China. Is it real or just a tactical negotiating ploy?
No one knows, of course, probably not even President Trump himself, but the outcome will determine whether the Great AI Bubble bursts or continues growing.
With each passing day the chance for spectacular, unintended error grows.
With it, grows speculation that the Fed and the US Treasury will have to monetise any spectacular error. Gold and silver are soaring as insurance against a coming monetisation, dollar debasement and revulsion.
Asia markets rise, breaking ranks with Wall
Street’s declines on renewed U.S.-China trade feud
Published Tue, Oct 14 2025 7:53 PM EDT
Asia-Pacific markets traded higher
Wednesday, breaking ranks with Wall Street’s declines after U.S. and China
exchanged blows in a renewed trade feud.
U.S. President Donald Trump on Tuesday
stateside criticized China for not buying soybeans, calling it an “an
economically hostile act.” He also threatened “retribution”
such as a cooking oil embargo.
“Volatility remains elevated, and the best
explanation is the strained relationship between the U.S. and China,” Veteran
investor Louis Navellier wrote in a note published Wednesday.
Japan’s benchmark Nikkei 225 index rose 0.98%,
while the Topix added 0.75%. South Korea’s Kospi jumped 0.8%, while the
small-cap Kosdaq added 0.83%.
Australia’s ASX/S&P 200 was up 0.93%.
Hong Kong’s Hang Seng Index rose 0.77%,
while the mainland’s CSI 300 was flat.
China’s
consumer prices fell more than expected in September, while the deflation
in producer prices persisted, underscoring the impact of sluggish domestic
demand and trade worries on consumer and business sentiment.
The consumer price index fell 0.3% in
September from a year earlier, National Bureau of Statistics data showed on
Wednesday, a sharper decline than economists’ forecast of 0.2% slide, although
easing from the 0.4% drop in August.
Prices ticked up 0.1% month-on-month, a
smaller than expected recovery compared to economists’ forecast for 0.2%
increase.
Overnight in the U.S., the S&P 500
closed down 0.2% to 6,644.31 in a wild day that saw the benchmark fall as much
as 1.5% and gain 0.4% at its highs.
The Nasdaq Composite was off by
0.8% to 22,521.70, although at one point it had fallen as much as 2.1%.The Dow
Jones Industrial average closed up 0.4%, or 202.88 points, to 46,270.46 after
gaining nearly 1% at one point.
Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell on Tuesday
suggested the central bank is nearing a point where it will stop reducing the
size of its bond holdings, and provided a few
hints that more interest rate cuts are in the cards.
Asia-Pacific
markets: Nikkei 225, Kospi, Hang Seng Index, Nifty 50
Stock futures are little changed after U.S.-China
trade concerns lead to tumultuous session: Live updates
Updated Wed, Oct 15 2025 7:17 PM EDT
U.S. stock futures were little changed on
Tuesday night, following a volatile session for stocks, as traders digested the
latest developments in the U.S.-China trade war.
Futures tied to the Dow Jones
Industrial Average were trading up 11 points, near the flatline. S&P 500 futures and Nasdaq 100 futures were also
little changed.
The moves followed a tumultuous day of
trading for all three indexes.
The S&P 500 attempted to
stage a comeback from Tuesday’s lows of the day, but ultimately closed down
0.2% after President Donald Trump threatened
China with a cooking oil embargo late in the session as retaliation
for Beijing not buying U.S. soybeans. On Tuesday, the benchmark was up as much
as 0.4% and down as much as 1.5%.
The Nasdaq Composite fell 0.8%
to end the day, although it was down 2.1% at its lows. The Dow Jones Industrial Average bucked
the trend to rise 0.4%, or 202.88 points, although it had fallen as much 1.3%
on Tuesday morning.
Tuesday’s news was the latest ramp-up in
trade tensions between the U.S. and China. On Monday night, China put new
sanctions on five U.S. subsidiaries of South Korean shipbuilder Hanwha
Ocean. This followed Trump’s threats last Friday to place an additional 100%
tariff on any goods coming from China after Beijing imposed strict export
controls on rare earth minerals. Trump’s tariffs could go live on Nov. 1 or
sooner, depending on China’s next move, U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson
Greer told CNBC Tuesday.
“A lot depends on what the Chinese do,”
Greer said. “They are the ones who have chosen to make this major escalation.”
While no major economic releases are on
the calendar for Wednesday, investors will be looking forward to another big
day of corporate earnings from the major U.S. banks. Bank of America, Morgan Stanley, PNC Financial, Abbott Labs and ASML are among the names set
to report earnings Wednesday before the bell.
But even if earnings come in better than
expected, Wall Street veteran Art Hogan believes that stocks will likely trade
sideways from here, wavering near all-time highs as long as trade war
uncertainty persists. The chief market strategist at B. Riley Wealth Management
also said the U.S. government shutdown is another headwind for the market.
“The longer it lasts, the more economic
damage it does upfront. So that’s affecting confidence. It’s likely going to
affect guidance from Corporate America during the conference calls,” he said to
CNBC. “Earnings seasons may well be much better than expected across the board,
with the usual percentage of companies that beat and raise and all that. I just
don’t think that that acts as a tailwind, necessarily, until we get closer to
the government reopening and perhaps more clarity on our trade relationship with
China.”
Stock
market today: Live updates
China says it will ‘fight to end’ after US said it
was trying to hurt world economy
Commerce ministry says US is ‘threatening
to intimidate’ with plans for new Trump tariffs on exports
Tue 14 Oct 2025 12.22 BST
China has hit back at accusations from the
US that it is trying to hurt the world economy, as the trade war between the
world’s two biggest economies appeared
to re-escalate, amped up by aggressive rhetoric on both sides.
China’s commerce ministry said on Tuesday
that the US was “threatening to intimidate” with the prospect of new tariffs on
Chinese exports, “which is not the right way to get along with China”. Its
spokesperson said that China would
“fight to the end” in trade talks.
The comments came shortly after the US
treasury secretary, Scott Bessent, said China
wanted to “to pull everybody else down with them” by damaging the world
economy.
It follows the US and China starting to
charge each other increased port fees on cargo ships, increasing trade
tensions.
The US announced plans earlier this year
to begin charging duties on China-linked ships to counter what it says are
unfair maritime trade practices. Those tariffs – and retaliatory charges from
China – came into effect on Tuesday.
State media said that Chinese-built ships
would be exempt from the new measures.
The commerce ministry said on Monday that
it had notified the US about the rare
earth export controls Beijing announced last week in advance,
contradicting comments made by the US trade representative, Jamieson Greer,
over the weekend that the US had not been warned.
More
Retaliation or escalation? Trust between the U.S.
and China is fading fast, analysts say
Published Mon, Oct 13 2025 6:11 AM EDT
BEIJING — The flare-up in tensions between
the U.S. and China over the weekend highlights the deepening mistrust dividing
the world’s two biggest economies.
In the two days after Beijing ended its
Golden Week holiday on Wednesday, the country announced a new framework
for restricting rare
earths exports,
placed more U.S. companies on a blacklist and charged U.S.-linked ships
with fees for docking
at Chinese ports.
U.S. President Donald Trump then
threatened 100% more tariffs on Chinese goods, a move which was followed by
Beijing asserting its rare earths restrictions are a “legitimate”
measure.
“The root cause of the tension is due to a
lack of mutual trust,” Larry Hu, chief China economist at Macquarie, said in a
note Monday.
“During the London talks in June, both
countries agreed to a deal involving ‘rare earth for tech,’” he said.
“Unsurprisingly, both feel betrayed when they perceive the other as acting in
bad faith.”
The escalation in trade tensions is a
result of a “misperception” on both sides, Hu said. Here’s how he and other
analysts say both sides are seeing things differently.
Beijing may feel it needs to respond to a
new U.S. rule released on Sept. 29 which expands the scope of export controls
to majority owned subsidiaries of companies on a U.S. list — while Washington
likely saw the change as a technical adjustment.
On the flip side, Beijing may see its rare
earths restrictions as mimicking Washington’s wide-reaching effort to restrict
China’s access to high-end tech, while the U.S. perception is that the
restrictions are a negotiation strategy that aims to create leverage before a
potential meeting between the two countries’ presidents.
U.S. chipmakers at risk
There’s a clear impact for businesses,
reflected in part by Friday’s stock market sell-off.
“One rule in the new package requires that
companies obtain a license from China’s Commerce Ministry to export products
manufactured anywhere in the world if that product contains Chinese rare earths
worth at least 0.1% of the product’s value,” Gabriel Wildau, managing director
at Teneo, said in a note Saturday. “In theory, this rule could force companies
like Nvidia, TSMC and Intel to obtain permission from Chinese regulators to
sell their products inside the U.S.”
Wildau pointed out that “this Chinese rule
is modeled after the U.S. Commerce Department’s own ‘foreign direct product
rule,’ which imposes a license requirement on any product made with U.S. origin
technology, no matter where the product is produced.”
Chinese stocks fell Monday following the
U.S. stock market decline, although U.S. stock futures
rebounded on
hopes the tensions weren’t as bad as initially feared.
“On the specific episode the market is
focused on, the two sides may still return to the table to find a short-term
fix. However, it won’t be a lasting solution,” said Jianwei Xu, senior
economist for Greater China at Natixis. “The trust between them is already
gone.”
Trump has signaled he would meet with
Chinese President Xi Jinping at the APEC meeting in South Korea at the end of
October. China has yet to confirm or deny such plans.
More
Retaliation or
escalation? Trust between U.S. and China is fading fast
Brace For Supply Chain Disruptions
Oct. 13, 2025 7:30 AM ET
---- Securing supply
China has once again tightened its export
controls on rare earths, which are essential for making everything from
smartphones to electric vehicles. In response, the U.S. government has
intensified efforts to secure supplies of the metals and cut back dependence on
Chinese supply chains.
Mineral stockpile: The Pentagon is moving to acquire up to $1B worth of
critical minerals as
part of an intensified effort to secure supplies of metals vital to defense
systems and advanced technologies, the Financial Times reported.
These minerals are embedded in nearly every advanced weapons system and radar
platform, as well as missile guidance, batteries and communications
technologies. Recent Defense Logistics Agency solicitations include up to $500M
for cobalt and $245M for antimony sourced from U.S. Antimony Corp. (UAMY).
Big advantage: While companies are bracing for supply disruptions,
GM's (GM) efforts since
2021 to lock in domestic rare earth magnet
supply are
set to pay off. And it could be the only U.S. automaker with a large direct
supply from multiple factories in the coming months. German firm VAC's U.S.
manufacturing plant for rare earth magnets will go online this fall, and most
of its output will go to GM. The automaker also has multi-year supply deals
with MP Materials (MP) and Noveon
Magnetics. It's unclear how much of GM's rare earth magnet demand could be met
with U.S. production.
Rare-earth fund: Australia is reportedly considering mandated floor
prices for
critical minerals and investing in new rare earth projects as part of a trade
deal with the U.S. The Australian government has discussed miners contributing
to a $777M critical minerals strategic reserve, which includes funding
mechanisms and potential price floors. Australia's Prime Minister Anthony
Albanese is set to meet with President Trump in Washington on October 20.
Brace For Supply
Chain Disruptions | Seeking Alpha
In other news, get gold and/or silver.
US's No2 bank flips on gold as ordinary Americans
bet they can make a fortune — here's why it's risky
Published: 00:19, 14
October 2025 | Updated: 00:19, 14 October 2025
Gold has been on a record-breaking streak.
Now, the world's second biggest bank thinks the trend will continue into next
year.
On Monday, researchers at Bank of
America raised their 2026 forecasts for the precious metal, predicting it
will jump to over $5,000 an ounce.
That would be another huge 25 percent jump
in one year. Just last week, the price of gold
surged to a record high of $4,000, capping a 55 percent increase from
January 2025.
It’s a huge turnaround for the bank. Just
last week, it had warned that gold’s price was showing ‘uptrend exhaustion’ and
could be due for a crash.
But today it said that investors show no
signs of stopping their rush into gold. Fears of a renewed US-China trade war
have fuelled further demand to bullion.
Even everyday Americans are joining the
rush — trading platforms report a spike in interest in the metal.
'Demand for gold remains
strong,' Bret Kenwell, an investment analyst at eToro, told the Daily
Mail. 'Last week's trading volume in gold futures hit a multi-year high on the
metal's way to its eighth straight weekly gain.'
But for traders, giving 401(k)s and
retirement savings plans the Midas touch isn't a great sign for
investment.
Interest in gold proves that fear — not
greed — is driving the markets: the US government
is at a standstill, inflation is biting,
and stocks are running hot on hype and low on profits.
Like ancient kings hoarding the metal in
temples or Depression-era Americans hiding coins under floorboards, gold
is glinting as the ultimate security blanket.
'Investors are increasingly jumping on the
gold bandwagon as safe-haven demand remains strong,' David Morrison, senior
market analyst at Trade Nation, previously told the Daily Mail.
Abigail Wright, senior business advisor at
the US Chamber of Commerce, said American companies are quietly adjusting their
investment strategies to hedge against inflation and volatility.
'It's not about hoarding metal in a
vault,' Wright said. 'The smartest firms use gold as insurance, not income.'
She says individual investors should
deploy the same strategy. Don't make sudden moves with your retirement savings,
she warned.
Instead, consider adding a small
amount of gold — just one percent to five percent of a retirement portfolio —
through funds that track the metal's price. Keep the rest in stable, long-term
assets like stocks, bonds, and cash.
But while Wright suggests a more cautious
approach, billionaire investors are taking a more bullish stance on gold,
betting a significantly larger portion of their wealth on the shining
metal.
Ray Dalio, the founder of Bridgewater
Associates, who famously predicted the 2008 market crash, recommended that
investors put 'like 15 percent of your portfolio in gold.'
'Gold is a very excellent diversifier in
the portfolio,' he told CNBC.
More
Gold hits record high on US rate cut bets; silver
follows suit
14 October 2025
(Reuters) -Gold prices climbed to a record
high above $4,100 on Tuesday on increased U.S. Federal Reserve rate cut
prospects, while resurgent U.S.-China trade woes boosted safe-haven bets,
including those for silver, which also reached an all-time peak.
Spot gold climbed 1.3% to an all-time high
of $4,162.31 per ounce, as of 0341 GMT.
U.S. gold futures for December delivery
gained 0.9% to $4,171.
Gold has surged 58% year-to-date, breaking
the crucial $4,100 threshold for the first time on Monday.
The bullion has been bolstered by
geopolitical and economic uncertainties, rate-cut expectations, strong central
bank buying, and robust exchange-traded fund inflows.
Bank of America and Societe Generale
analysts now forecast gold to hit $5,000 by 2026, while Standard Chartered
raised its 2026 average forecast to $4,488.
Spot silver jumped 1.1% to $53.13,
touching a record high of $53.45 earlier in the session, buoyed by the same
factors supporting gold and spot market tightness.
"The trade tensions are not the
primary driver for the rally (today) as increasing bets for the Fed to continue
its interest rate cut trajectory, reducing long term funding costs eventually
lowering the opportunity cost are (also supporting gold)," OANDA senior
market analyst Kelvin Wong said.
Philadelphia Federal Reserve chief Anna
Paulson said that rising risks to the labour market bolster the case for
further U.S. interest rate cuts.
Investors now look to Fed Chair Jerome
Powell's address at the NABE annual meeting on Tuesday for rate cut cues.
Traders are pricing in a 97% and 90%
chance of a 25-bp rate cut in October and December respectively. Non-yielding
gold tends to do well in low-interest-rate environments.[FEDWATCH/]
More
Gold hits record
high on US rate cut bets; silver follows suit
Silver squeeze wreaks havoc for City traders
14 October 2025
London traders have been left scrambling
to get
hold of silver after
a price surge blew up bets against the precious metal.
Prices hit a fresh record high on Monday
as an unprecedented short squeeze forced investors who wagered on price falls
to buy silver in an effort to limit their losses.
A supply shortage in London has
intensified the scramble, with some traders forced to rent silver at interest
rates of almost 35pc to cover their positions.
Chaos in the market has invoked memories
of the Hunt brothers’ attempt to corner the market in the 1970s – which led to
a momentous jump in prices followed by a swift crash.
Anant Jatia, chief investment officer of
Greenland Investment Management, said: “Clearly anyone shorting the spot market
or the LBMA [London Bullion Market Association] has been hurting or they’ve
been forced to unwind their shorts.
“They’ve obviously not had a good
experience over the last few months and particularly over the last week or so.”
Silver has risen by 35pc since Aug 26,
with prices initially driven by concerns about stretched public finances across
the West and fears of a possible stock
market bubble fuelled by artificial intelligence (AI) stocks.
President Trump’s threat to raise tariffs
on China late last week triggered a fresh jump, with silver closing above $50
per troy ounce for the first time on the London Bullion Market Association on
Friday.
Low levels of inventory
Spot prices rose more than 2pc to just
over $52 on Monday. It came even after Donald Trump backed away from his tariff
threat late on Sunday, sparking a rally for US and European stock markets.
Ole Hansen, head of commodities at Saxo
Bank, said: “A liquidity squeeze, which we expect to be temporary, amplified
the recent silver rally.
“Inventories in London – the global
trading hub for physical silver – fell to low levels earlier in the year as
concerns over potential US tariffs drew metal to the US.”
There are now just over 22,000 tonnes
stored in the city’s silver vaults, compared to more than 35,000 in 2022.
Investors have been shipping the metal from Britain to the US over concerns it
could be caught up in Donald Trump’s tariffs.
“In commodities, the location of the
commodity does matter because pricing can look different if the commodity is
available in a particular location or not,” said Mr Jatia.
With supplies limited, some investors have
been forced to rent silver in order to present it to trading houses to back up
positions.
The interest rate charged to borrow the
metal for a month has surged from around 5pc at the start of October to almost
35pc, according to Goldman Sachs.
More
Silver squeeze
wreaks havoc for City traders
"As fewer and fewer people have
confidence in paper as a store of value, the price of gold will continue to
rise. The history of fiat money is little more than a register of monetary
follies and inflations. Our present age merely affords another entry in this
dismal register."
Hans F. Sennholz
Global Inflation/Stagflation/Recession
Watch.
Given
our Magic Money Tree central banksters and our spendthrift politicians,
inflation now needs an entire section of its own.
Inflation
data used to set 2026 Social Security COLA coming Oct. 24
Mon,
October 13, 2025 at 10:49 PM GMT+1
(NewsNation) — The Bureau of
Labor Statistics will release a key inflation report later this month despite
an ongoing
government shutdown that
has left economists
flying blind at
a crucial moment for the economy.
September’s
Consumer Price Index data will now be published on Oct. 24, nine days after its
original planned release date, according to the
BLS.
The
inflation report is vital for policymakers trying to chart the best path
forward for interest rates, and it’s especially important this month because
the data will determine the Social
Security cost-of-living-adjustment, or COLA, for 2026.
That’s
because the annual Social Security benefit bump is tied to the average
inflation data for July, August and September.
A recent estimate from the
Senior Citizens League put the COLA at 2.7% for 2026, slightly above this
year’s 2.5%
increase.
But a surprise in September’s data could shift that number up or down.
Under
normal circumstances, the COLA would have been announced this week, but it’s
been delayed since the shutdown closed the BLS.
The
agency is now bringing back workers to compile the September report,
NewsNation’s partner The
Hill reported.
The
BLS said the CPI release later this month will allow the Social Security
Administration to meet statutory deadlines to “ensure the accurate and timely
payment of benefits.” However, other reports will remain on hold.
Inflation data
used to set 2026 Social Security COLA coming Oct. 24
Data
reveals worries regarding inflation, income and labor market
HBSDealer
Staff 10/13/2025
The
Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Center for Microeconomic Data released the
September 2025 Survey of Consumer
Expectations,
which shows that households’ inflation expectations increased at the short- and
longer-term horizons and were unchanged at the medium-term horizon.
Despite
a small rebound in the expected job finding rate, labor market expectations
continued to deteriorate, with consumers reporting lower expected earnings
growth, greater likelihoods of losing jobs, and a higher likelihood of a rise
in overall unemployment. The survey was fielded from September 1 through
September 30, 2025.
Key
findings from the September 2025 survey include:
Inflation
·
Median
inflation expectations in September increased at the one-year-ahead horizon to
3.4% from 3.2% and at the five-year-ahead horizon to 3.0% from 2.9%. They
remained steady at the three-year-ahead horizon at 3.0%. The survey’s measure
of disagreement across respondents (the difference between the 75th and 25th
percentile of inflation expectations) decreased at the one-year and five-year
horizons and was unchanged at the three-year horizon. The increase in the
year-ahead measure was largest for those with at most a high school education
and those with household incomes under $50,000.
·
Median
inflation uncertainty—or the uncertainty expressed regarding future inflation
outcomes—declined at the one-year horizon, was unchanged at the three-year
horizon, and rose at the five-year horizon.
·
Median
home price growth expectations remained unchanged at 3.0% for the fourth
consecutive month.
·
Median
year-ahead commodity price change expectations increased by 0.3 percentage
point for food (to 5.8%) and for gas (to 4.2%), 0.5 percentage point for the
cost of medical care (to 9.3%), and by 1.0 percentage point for rent (to 7.0%).
The year-ahead expected change in the cost of a college education declined by
0.8 percentage point to 7.0%. The reading for expected food price growth is the
highest since March 2023.
More
Data reveals
worries regarding inflation, income and labor market | HBS Dealer
Meat
and coffee prices drive grocery price inflation
Tuesday
14 October 2025 8:57 am | Updated: Tuesday 14
October 2025 8:58 am
Grocery
price inflation in the UK passed five per cent in September to its highest
level since July after the cost of fresh
meat and coffee jumped.
Like-for-like
grocery price inflation rose to 5.2 per cent over the four weeks to 5 October
versus the same period last year, according to the latest figures
from Worldpanel by Numerator.
Spending
on offers hit its highest level since April at 29.4 per cent, as consumers
“hunted for deals to ease the burden on their wallets”, Fraser McKevitt, head
of retail and consumer insight at Worldpanel, said.
“Households
are juggling a lot of different things when choosing what and where to buy
their groceries. Inevitably, cost will be up towards the top of the list as
price rises accelerate,” he added.
Worldpanel
has estimated that Brits’
average household spend at the grocers has now reached £5,283 a year, a figure
which could rise by £275 by
the end of the year.
Increasing
prices have been driven by a combination of factors, including a higher
incidence of disease
amongst livestock,
a shortage of carbon dioxide, unstable weather patterns and higher taxes.
Overall
take-home sales at the grocers, meanwhile, grew by 4.1 per cent, with online
sales up 12 per cent compared with the same four weeks last year.
Online
sales now make up 12.7 per cent of the market – the highest share since March
2022.
Over
one in five British households did their grocery shopping online at some point
in September, marking a return to the popularity seen in the latter stages of
the Covid-19 pandemic.
More
Meat and coffee
prices drive grocery price inflation
Covid-19
Corner
This
section will continue only occasionally when something of interest occurs.
Technology
Update.
With events happening fast in the
development of solar power and graphene, among other things, I’ve added this
section. Updates as they get reported.
Rapeseed discovery ‘could help solve global protein demand’
13 October 2025
Researchers have developed a new method
to extract high-quality protein from rapeseed waste, saying the discovery could
help solve the world’s growing demand for protein.
Using environmentally friendly solvents,
the Heriot-Watt University scientists have found a way to extract protein from
the crop.
It means that rapeseed press cake, a
by-product from the production of rapeseed oil which is used for animal feed,
could become more useful and potentially provide protein for human consumption.
Global protein demand is expected to
double by 2050 due to urbanisation and rising incomes in emerging economies.
Professor Stephen Euston, of Heriot-Watt
University in Edinburgh,
said: “Livestock farming produces high levels of greenhouse gases, creating a
serious environmental challenge as demand for animal protein grows.
“We need alternative sources of protein
that don’t cost the earth.”
Prof Euston and his colleagues said
rapeseed press cake could be improved.
He said: “Rapeseed press cake has been
an underused resource, and upgrading it for human consumption would make a lot
of sense – there’s a lot available in Scotland, as farmers use rapeseed as a break
crop, and the market for the oil has been growing.”
Prof Euston added: “It contains 28 to
45% protein, depending on the processing method, and most of this nutritious
material goes unused for human consumption.”
The team investigated whether natural
deep eutectic solvents could be used to extract protein from rapeseed press
cake.
Using computer simulations, they found
certain formulations were able to increase the protein yield significantly.
However there are still hurdles ahead of
the techniques becoming commercialised.
Prof Euston said: “More research is
required on optimising both the choice of components and concentration of
species to maximise yield and purity of protein extracts.
“But this is a step towards a more
sustainable food system, where agricultural waste could be upgraded for human
consumption.”
The research was reported in the journal
Food Hydrocolloids.
Rapeseed discovery ‘could help solve global protein demand’
Next, the
world global debt clock. Nations debts to GDP compared.
World Debt Clocks (usdebtclock.org)
Alan Greenspan. June 28, 2016.
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