Tuesday, 13 August 2019

Hong Kong, What Next?


Baltic Dry Index. 1774 +26  Brent Crude 58.46  Spot Gold $1,516

Never ending Brexit now October 31st, maybe.  79 days away.
Nuclear Trump China Tariffs Now In Effect.
USA v EU trade war postponed to November, maybe.

"Good people do not need laws to tell them to act responsibly, while bad people will find a way around the laws."

Plato

Will China be forced to intervene in Hong Kong? Yesterday protestors, (rioters, anarchists?) managed to force the closure of the world’s busiest cargo airport, the 8th largest by passenger numbers. How will President Trump and the US Congress react if 
China sends in the PLA? How will the rest of the world react?

After 10 weeks of growing lawlessness and chaos, how much longer can Beijing allow the disruption to continue? Beijing is clearly reluctant to act, but with the protestors threatening to close down the airport again, Beijing has to be losing confidence in the local administration.

But if Beijing finally steps in, how much of an additional drag will it turn out to be on South East Asia’s regional economy? Would intervention even work?

Below, our world and markets, one short step away from disaster.

Asia shares tumble as Hong Kong unrest, Argentine peso crash unnerve investors

August 13, 2019 / 2:21 AM
TOKYO (Reuters) - Asian shares slumped on Tuesday as fears about a drawn out Sino-U.S. trade war, protests in Hong Kong and a crash in Argentina’s peso currency drove investors to safe harbours like bonds, gold, and the Japanese yen.

MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan .MIAPJ0000PUS skidded 1%. Chinese stocks .CSI300 fell 0.8%, while Hong Kong's .HSI main market index tumbled more than 1% to a seven-month low. 

“The protests in Hong Kong are negative for stocks, which were already in an adjustment phase because there is talk that the trade war will trigger a recession,” said Kiyoshi Ishigane, chief fund manager at Mitsubishi UFJ Kokusai Asset Management Co.

Hong Kong’s airport, the world’s busiest cargo airport, reopened on Tuesday, which could ease some concern about the immediate economic impact of protests over the past two months.

The protests began in opposition to a bill allowing extraditions to mainland China but have quickly morphed into the biggest challenge to China’s authority over the city since it took Hong Kong back from Britain in 1997.

Japan's Nikkei .N225 was also hit hard, down a sharp 1.5% and on course for its biggest daily decline in a week.

U.S. stock futures were 0.13% higher in Asia, but that did little to ease the mood.

Stocks in Singapore .STI shed 1.1% to reach their lowest since June 6 after the government slashed its full-year economic growth forecasts. The city state is often seen as a bellwether for global growth because of its importance as a key trade hub.

The selling in regional markets came as Wall Street stocks took a beating on Monday, with the S&P 500 .SPX losing 1.23%.

Sentiment was already weak due to increasing signs that the United States and China will not quickly resolve their year-long trade war.
More

Next, is Hong Kong killing itself as a world class financial and trade centre?

Hong Kong airport grinds to halt; China likens protests to terrorism

by Reuters Monday, 12 August 2019 16:56 GMT
HONG KONG, Aug 12 (Reuters) - Hong Kong's airport halted flights on Monday, blaming demonstrators for the disruption, while China said the anti-government protests that have swept the city over the past two months had begun to show "sprouts of terrorism".

The airport authority said it was working with airlines to resume flights from 6 a.m. on Tuesday, but the developments raised the stakes sharply after a weekend of skirmishes during which both activists and police toughened their stances.

The precise trigger for the airport's closure was not clear, since protesters occupying the arrivals hall for four days have been peaceful. Most of them had left shortly after midnight, but around 50 remained, discussing their next move.

"This is about our freedom," a 24-year-old protester wearing a mask, who gave his name only as Yu, told Reuters during the evening. "Why should we leave?"

Some Hong Kong legal experts say official descriptions of some protesters' actions as terrorism could lead to the use of extensive anti-terror laws and powers against them.

China's People's Armed Police also assembled in the neighbouring city of Shenzhen for exercises, the state-backed Global Times newspaper said. The Communist Party's official People's Daily newspaper said on the Twitter-like Weibo that the force can handle incidents including riots or terrorist attacks.
Hong Kongers responded by taking to the streets again.

Crowds picketed a police station, singing hymns. Hundreds of people returned to a subway station, where police had hit activists with batons, to protest against heavy-handed tactics.

The increasingly violent demonstrations have plunged the Chinese-ruled territory into its most serious crisis in decades, presenting Chinese leader Xi Jinping with one of his biggest challenges since he came to power in 2012.

"Hong Kong has come to a critical juncture," said Hong Kong and Macau Affairs office spokesman Yang Guang in Beijing.

"Protesters have been frequently using extremely dangerous tools to attack the police in recent days, constituting serious crimes with sprouts of terrorism emerging."

---- Hong Kong is the world's busiest air cargo port and the 8th busiest by passenger traffic, handling 73 million passengers a year. The airport has been filled with anti-government protesters for four days.

The mostly young black-clad protesters have chanted slogans such as "No rioters, only tyranny!" and "Liberate Hong Kong!" while approaching travellers with flyers describing their demands and explaining the unrest.

U.S. Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell said they were "bravely standing up to the Chinese Communist Party," and that a violent crackdown would be completely unacceptable.
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Hong Kong’s leader defends police actions as airport struggles to reopen

By Associated Press  Published: Aug 12, 2019 11:10 p.m. ET
HONG KONG — Hong Kong leader Carrie Lam defended law enforcement actions Tuesday after protesters prompted an airport shutdown with calls to investigate alleged police brutality.

At one of the world’s busiest airports, airlines were checking in passengers for new flights and for those unable to leave Monday when 200 flights were cancelled because thousands of pro-democracy demonstrators had packed into the airport’s main terminal.

Protesters have shown no sign of letting up on their campaign to force Lam’s administration to respond to their demands. No new violence was reported, although the city is on edge after more than two months of near-daily and increasingly bloody confrontations between protesters and police.

Demonstrators have called for an independent inquiry into what they call the police’s abuse of power and negligence. Some protesters thrown bricks, eggs and flaming objects at police stations.

---- Software engineer Joydeep Chakravarti, whose connecting flight to San Francisco was canceled late Monday, expressed frustration that he was told to leave the airport when he wanted to stay inside the terminal.

“I don’t know what’s out there, so I don’t want to leave. I didn’t make any plans for Hong Kong,” said Chakravarti, who had a carry-on bag with laptop, charger and an extra shirt while the rest of his luggage already was checked in on his Singapore Airlines flight.

Kerry Dickinson, a traveler from South Africa, said she had trouble getting her luggage Tuesday morning. “I don’t think I will ever fly to Hong Kong again,” she said.
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How Hong Kong clashes could wallop the U.S. stock market

By Mark DeCambre Published: Aug 12, 2019 5:03 p.m. ET
---- So what does the Hong Kong clash mean for markets?
Along with trade tensions between the U.S. and China, the confrontation in Hong Kong has rattled investor confidence.

“Tensions are rising in Hong Kong and the clashes between protesters and police are circulating around the globe, and that has chipped away at investor confidence in the West,” wrote David Madden, market analyst at CMC Markets U.K., in a Monday research note.

The Hong Kong Hang Seng HSI, -1.86%  slipped 0.4% on Monday and is down 7% so far in August and nearly 10% over the past three months, according to FactSet data. The exchange traded iShares MSCI Hong Kong ETF EWH, -3.14%, one of the most popular funds used to gain exposure to Hong Kong stocks, was down 3.2% in Monday and has fallen 9.5% so far in August and 12.4% over the past 90 days.
What happens if the Hong Kong conflict worsens?
The concern is that the Chinese government could look to clamp down on what it may view as an insurrection, which may invoke memories of Tiananmen Square, when the Chinese military in May of 1989 violently cracked down on student protesters in a bloody confrontation shown around the world.

Some fear that China declaring the protests an act of terror could lead to military action by Beijing. China has 6,000 to 10,000 People’s Liberation Army troops stationed in Hong Kong, according to The Wall Street Journal.

Market participants say that heightened tensions or a bloody clash could roil global markets because Hong Kong is seen as a financial hub and problems in the region could also stall any chance of a near-term Sino-American trade resolution.

“The increasing tension in Hong Kong, which could lead to greater intervention by mainland Chinese authorities, poses a risk to the region because Hong Kong is a major financial center and its disruption could have implications for markets in Asia as well as spillover to Europe and the U.S.,” Chris Zaccarelli, chief investment officer at Independent Advisor Alliance, told MarketWatch via email.

“In addition, the Chinese media have already accused the U.S. of being behind the protests — or at least encouraging them — tying the unrest in Hong Kong to the greater trade dispute with the U.S.,” Zaccarelli said.

Ultimately, a harsh response to protesters by China’s PLA, including loss of life, could make it unpalatable for the Trump administration to forge a grand trade deal.

“The big fear is that Beijing could respond with force of the kind seared into memories about Tiananmen Square. If so, assessments of the Politburo would also have to be revised to stand at a more pessimistic view. In turn, markets would have to become less hopeful of the degree and speed of progress possible on a whole host of fronts, including trade,” Ken Odeluga, market analyst at City Index told MarketWatch.

Zaccarelli said that even if Trump were willing to overlook a violent crackdown, it isn’t clear that Congress would.
Hong Kong woes could spell trouble for Asian neighbors
If matters get worse in Hong Kong it could ripple to other Asian markets and hasten a slowdown already at hand in the region.

“More practically, rising political disquiet in the Asia-Pacific region is a growth issue too. As such, it’s entirely rational for global markets to retreat if the HK situation looks like it’s reaching a critical juncture,” Odeluga said.

James Meyer, analyst at Tower Bridge Advisors, concurred with that assessment in a Monday research report: “Tensions in Hong Kong add risk to world economic growth should they lead to violent confrontation. They aren’t at that level yet, but today’s sit-in at Hong Kong’s airport leads to a situation that the government won’t tolerate forever,” he wrote.
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Finally, President Trump looks like getting his lower dollar but for all the wrong reasons. With the longest, if weakest, US recovery still underway, the best of times if you like, why is the US Treasury running a massive deficit? What happens when the economy turns down? Time for some physical gold and silver.

$3,727,014,000,000: Federal Spending Sets Record Through July; Treasury Runs $866,812,000,000 Deficit

By Terence P. Jeffrey | August 12, 2019 | 4:33 PM EDT
(CNSNews.com) - The federal government spent a record $3,727,014,000,000 in the first ten months of fiscal 2019 (October through July), according to the Monthly Treasury Statement released today.

While spending that record $3,727,014,000,000, the government ran a deficit of $866,812,000,000.
Before this year, the most that the federal government had ever spent in the first ten months of a fiscal year was in fiscal 2009, when the Treasury spent $3,576,745,930,000 (in constant June 2019 dollars, adjusted using the Bureau of Labor Statistics inflation calculator).

Federal spending was impacted in fiscal 2009 by the recession that was ongoing when that fiscal year began. At the beginning of fiscal 2009, President George W. Bush signed the Troubled Asset Relief Program to bailout failing banks. Later that fiscal year, President Barack Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, aimed at stimulating the economy.

Total federal revenues in the first ten months of fiscal 2019 equaled $2,860,202,000,000. That was less than the total revenues the federal government collected in the first ten months of fiscal 2017 ($2,866,978,570,000 in constant June 2019 dollars) and fiscal 2015 ($2,868,253,370,000 in constant June 2019 dollars).

Federal individual income tax revenues in the first ten months of fiscal 2019 equaled $1,428,904,000,000. That was less than the individual income taxes the federal government collected ($1,438,381,490,000 in constant June 2019 dollars) in the first ten months of fiscal 2018.
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https://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/terence-p-jeffrey/3727014000000-federal-spending-sets-record-through-july-treasury-runs

“The poor have sometimes objected to being governed badly; the rich have always objected to being governed at all.”

G.K. Chesterton

Crooks and Scoundrels Corner.

The bent, the seriously bent, and the totally doubled over.

Today, more on that not so easy to win trade war with China. I wonder if another approach might have worked better and faster?

Farm equipment maker Deere's dealers reel from trade war, bad weather

August 9, 2019 / 6:14 PM
CHICAGO (Reuters) - When China announced this week that it had stopped buying U.S. agricultural products and might impose additional tariffs on farm shipments from America, Dave Schmidt braced for another blow to his business.

The Salem, Wisconsin-based dealer of Deere & Co’s (DE.N) tractors, planters and combines is grappling with declining sales and higher levels of inventory as farmers have put off equipment purchases in the wake of rain-delayed planting in the Midwest and the yearlong Sino-U.S. trade standoff. 

Schmidt says sales at his dealership, in general, declined by as much as 15% in the first half of the year, led by a fall in the demand for large equipment. In a sign of things to come, early orders for planting equipment for next season’s soybean and corn crops are down up to 25%.

He is not alone. Half a dozen dealers of Deere’s agriculture equipment across the Midwest shared similar accounts in interviews with Reuters. One of those dealers, in Geneseo, Illinois, said sales at his dealership were down 50% so far this year from the same period last year.

This is a worrying sign for Deere, which gets nearly 60% of its sales from the United States and Canada. The Moline, Illinois-based company is expected to report lower sales at its agriculture & turf segment when it reports its third-quarter earnings on Aug. 16.

The segment, which accounts for the bulk of the company’s sales, is expected to report quarterly sales of $6.24 billion, compared with $6.29 billion a year ago, according to Refinitiv IBES’ average analyst estimate.

---- In May, Deere slashed its full-year profit and sales outlook, blaming the U.S. trade war with China for weak demand for its farm machines.

The company’s shares, however, have gained a little over 14% since its last earnings report on hopes that a rally in corn prices would encourage farmers to buy new equipment.

But dealers are not so sanguine.

“We are not expecting demand for planting equipment to come back up this year,” Schmidt said. “We might see more repair and upgrading of the existing equipment.”

---- China imported $9.1 billion of U.S. farm produce in 2018, down from $19.5 billion in 2017, according to the American Farm Bureau, the largest farm industry group in the country.

U.S. shipments to China of soybeans, the country’s most valuable farm export, sank to a 16-year low last year as the Asian nation mostly shifted purchases to Brazil, leaving American farmers with surplus stocks. U.S. soy prices are down 18% since March 2018, when President Donald Trump launched a tariff war on China and other countries.
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Chinese Tariffs Rock US Lobster Exports

By Julie Taboh August 7, 2019 03:02 PM
----- But China's love of fresh seafood, particularly live lobsters, has become a challenge for companies like Maine Coast, a live lobster wholesaler headquartered in York, Maine. 

In July 2018, Beijing retaliated against U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods by raising their own tariffs on U.S. food and agricultural exports, which included live lobsters. 

Vice President of sales and marketing at Maine Coast, Sheila Adams, says she saw the company's business drop by 20% overnight.

"Essentially what's happened is about 80% of our sales into mainland China have gone away," she said. "And that's purely because our product is simply just too expensive compared to the Canadian because of the additional 25% tariff that was levied."

The tariff has to be paid by the Chinese customers.

"The North American lobster is caught in U.S. waters, but also in Canadian waters," Adams said. "So when they make a buying decision between 'Do I want to buy a lobster out of Canada or do I want to buy a lobster out of the United States?' it becomes very difficult for them to make a decision to buy an American lobster because it's so much more expensive.

"The Chinese as a culture love live seafood in general, and have a particular passion for live lobster," she explained. "Obviously it's a very large country, with a lot of people, so they consume — or have the ability to consume — a lot of lobster, which is important for us as a wholesaler volume business." 

But with the loss of China as a major customer, Adams and her team have had to look to other markets — both domestically and overseas — to make up the difference.

"It takes all of those other countries combined to equal one market in mainland China. So we had to put a tremendous amount of effort across many, many markets to try to recoup the lost business in China," Adams said.
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Technology Update.
With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported. Is converting sunlight to usable cheap AC or DC energy mankind’s future from the 21st century onwards?

New design strategy brightens up the future of perovskite-based light-emitting diodes

Date: August 8, 2019

Source: Tokyo Institute of Technology

Summary: Scientists have discovered a new strategy to design incredibly efficient perovskite-based LEDs with record-setting brightness by leveraging the quantum confinement effect.

Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology discover a new strategy to design incredibly efficient perovskite-based LEDs with record-setting brightness by leveraging the quantum confinement effect.
Several techniques for generation of light from electricity have been developed over the years. 
Devices that can emit light when an electric current is applied, are referred to as electroluminescent devices, which have become orders of magnitude more efficient than the traditional incandescent light bulb. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) comprise the most notable and ubiquitous category of these devices. A myriad of different types of LED exist nowadays, which has been made possible by advances in our understanding of quantum mechanics, solid-state physics, and the use of alternative materials.

Electroluminescent devices consist of several layers, the most important being the emission layer (EML), which emits light in response to an electric current. Metal halide perovskites, with the chemical formula CsPbX3 (X = I, Br, Cl), have been recently considered as promising materials for fabricating the EML. However, current perovskite-based LEDs (PeLEDs) perform poorly compared with organic LEDs, which are typically used to design displays of TVs and smartphones. Several researchers have suggested fabricating PeLEDs using low-dimensional (i.e., emitting structural units are connected on a plane or linearly in the crystal structure) perovskites that offer improved light-emission performance based on the quantum confinement effect of excitons. An exciton is an electron-hole pair that emits photon efficiently. However, using low-dimensional perovskites has an intrinsic drawback in that the conducting properties, i.e. low mobility, of these materials are very poor, and this lack of low mobility leads to low power efficiency.

Interestingly, as discovered by a team of researchers led by Prof. Hideo Hosono from the Tokyo Institute of Technology, it is possible to design highly efficient PeLEDs using three-dimensional (3D) perovskites, which have superior mobility of electron and hole and hence would address the limitation of low-dimensional perovskites. The team investigated if the quantum confinement effect that occurs in low-dimensional materials using new electron transport layer adjacent to the perovskite and results in attractive light-emission properties, could be achieved in 3D materials. In an electroluminescent device, the EML is sandwiched between two layers: the electron transport and hole transport layers. These two layers play a key role in ensuring good conducting properties of the device. The team found that the energy-level characteristics of these layers also play a crucial role in emission efficiency of the EL.

---- Aside from these tangible practical achievements, this research sheds light into how the exciton-related properties of a material can be influenced by the adjacent layers and provides a strategy that can be readily exploited in the development of optical devices. "We believe this study provides new insight into the realization of practical PeLEDs," concludes Hosono. With such interesting advances in light-emitting materials, it seems that a (literally) brighter future awaits.

“When plunder becomes a way of life for a group of men in a society, over the course of time they create for themselves a legal system that authorizes it and a moral code that glorifies it.”

Frédéric Bastiat

The monthly Coppock Indicators finished July

DJIA: 26,864 +53 Up. NASDAQ: 8,175 +65 Down. SP500: 2,980 +53 Up. 

The S&P and Dow remain up, but in very unconvincing fashion. The NASDAQ remains down.  Like the Fed, I would await a better data driven signal.

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