With
agricultural prices soaring, metal prices hitting the highest in years and oil
well above $50 a barrel, JPMorgan Chase & Co. is calling it: Commodities
appear to have begun a new supercycle of years-long gains.
A long-term boom across the commodities complex appears
likely with Wall Street betting on a strong economic recovery from the pandemic
and hedging against inflation, JPMorgan analysts led by Marko Kolanovic said in
a report on Wednesday. Prices may also jump as an “unintended consequence” of
the fight against climate change, which threatens to constrain oil supplies
while boosting demand for metals needed to build renewable energy
infrastructure, batteries and electric vehicles, the bank said.
More
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-10/j-p-morgan-sees-commodity-supercycle-already-kicking-off
“All you need is faith, trust, and a little pixie dust.”
President “Bailout” Biden, with apologies to Peter Pan.
Covid-19 Corner
This
section will continue until it becomes unneeded.
AstraZeneca Asthma Drug Cuts
Covid Hospitalizations in Study
By Eric Pfanner
10 February 2021, 13:29 GMT
AstraZeneca Plc ’s asthma treatment Pulmicort
reduced the need for urgent care and hospitalization of Covid-19 patients in a
small study, joining a handful of potentially promising treatments for the
disease.
Early treatment with the inhaled drug, also known as
budesonide, reduced the relative risk of such interventions by 90% over the
28-day study period, according to research from the University
of Oxford , Astra’s partner in developing a Covid-19 vaccine. Participants
also had a quicker resolution of fever and other symptoms.
The findings offer another example
of an existing, low-cost medication showing benefits in Covid-19 patients even
as more elaborate treatments stumble. One of the biggest successes so far has
been dexamethasone, a steroid that has been shown to reduce the risk of death
by one-third for patients on ventilators.
“I am heartened that a relatively
safe, widely available and well studied medicine such as an inhaled steroid
could have an impact on the pressures we are experiencing during the pandemic,”
said the study’s leader, Mona Bafadhel of the university’s Nuffield Department
of Medicine, in a statement.
More
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-10/astrazeneca-asthma-drug-cuts-covid-hospitalizations-in-study?srnd=premium-europe
Vaccine vs variant: Promising
data in Israel's race to defeat pandemic
February
10, 2021 7:06 AM By Maayan Lubell , Ari
Rabinovitch
JERUSALEM
(Reuters) - Israel’s swift vaccination rollout has made it the largest
real-world study of Pfizer Inc’s COVID-19 vaccine. Results are trickling in,
and they are promising.
More than half of eligible Israelis
- about 3.5 million people - have now been fully or partially vaccinated. Older
and at-risk groups, the first to be inoculated, are seeing a dramatic drop in
illnesses.
Among the first fully-vaccinated
group there was a 53% reduction in new cases, a 39% decline in hospitalizations
and a 31% drop in severe illnesses from mid-January until Feb. 6, said Eran
Segal, data scientist at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel.
In the same period, among people
under age 60 who became eligible for shots later, new cases dropped 20% but
hospitalizations and severe illness rose 15% and 29%, respectively.
Reuters interviewed leading
scientists in Israel and abroad, Israeli health officials, hospital heads and
two of the country’s largest healthcare providers about what new data shows
from the world’s most efficient vaccine rollout.
The vaccine drive has provided a
database offering insights into how effective the vaccines are outside of controlled
clinical trials, and at what point countries might attain sought-after but
elusive herd immunity.
More will be known in two weeks, as
teams analyse vaccine effectiveness in younger groups of Israelis, as well as
targeted populations such as people with diabetes, cancer and pregnant women,
among a patient base at least 10 times larger than those in clinical studies.
“We need to have enough variety of
people in that subgroup and enough follow-up time so you can make the right conclusions,
and we are getting to that point,” said Ran Balicer, chief innovation officer
of HMO Clalit, which covers more than half the Israeli population.
Pfizer is monitoring the Israeli
rollout on a weekly basis for insights that can be used around the world.
As a small country with universal
healthcare, advanced data capabilities and the promise of a swift rollout,
Israel provided Pfizer with a unique opportunity to study the real-world impact
of the vaccine developed with Germany’s BioNTech
More
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-israel-results-ins/vaccine-vs-variant-promising-data-in-israels-race-to-defeat-pandemic-idUSKBN2AA0MS
Older, heavier adults possible
'superspreaders' of COVID-19, study finds
Feb. 9, 2021 / 5:29 PM
Feb. 9 (UPI) -- Older and overweight adults exhale more respiratory droplets into
the air compared to their younger, lighter-weight counterparts, potentially
making them COVID-19
"superspreaders," a study published Tuesday by PNAS
found.
Adults age 26 and younger and those with a body mass index,
or BMI, below 22 were "low spreaders of [the] exhaled" respiratory
droplets from the nose and mouth that transmit the coronavirus, the data
showed.
Conversely, adults with a higher BMI, which measures body
weight according to a person's height, exhaled more of these droplets,
particularly as they aged.
The findings may help explain how some people become
"superspreaders" of COVID-19 and pass the virus on to large numbers
of people, the researchers said.
RELATED Study:
Symptom-free infected people cause at least half of COVID-19 spread
Thirty-five, or 18%, of the 194 participants in the study
generated 80% of the exhaled respiratory droplets produced by the group as a
whole, with older, heavier participants driving that spread.
"Most of the droplets we exhale from our airways
during natural breathing are smaller in size than conventionally filtered by
masks, [and] they vary greatly in number depending on whether we have a lung
infection, and our age and [weight]," study co-author David A. Edwards
told UPI.
"These findings suggest that the control of
respiratory droplet generation might be an effective strategy for containing
the pandemic independent of variant, or even pathogen form," said Edwards,
a professor of biomedical engineering at Harvard University.
RELATED 'Super-spreaders'
caused up to 20% of all COVID-19 cases in Georgia, study finds
The study measured exhaled respiratory droplets produced by
194 healthy adults at two locations: essential workers at No Evil Foods in
Asheville, N.C. and of students, staff and faculty at Grand Rapids Community
College in Michigan.
The researchers also assessed similar breathing patterns in
eight monkeys infected with COVID-19.
More
https://www.upi.com/Health_News/2021/02/09/Older-heavier-adults-possible-superspreaders-of-COVID-19-study-finds/5651612898262/
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Next, some vaccine links
kindly sent along from a LIR reader in Canada. The links come from a most
informative update from Stanford Hospital in California.
World
Health Organization - Landscape of COVID-19 candidate vaccines . https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines
NY
Times Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker . https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html
Stanford
Website . https://racetoacure.stanford.edu/clinical-trials/132
Regulatory
Focus COVID-19 vaccine tracker . https://www.raps.org/news-and-articles/news-articles/2020/3/covid-19-vaccine-tracker
Some other useful Covid links.
Johns Hopkins Coronavirus
resource centre
https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html
Rt Covid-19
https://rt.live/
Covid19info.live
https://wuflu.live/
Centers for Disease Control
Coronavirus
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html
The Spectator
Covid-19 data tracker (UK)
https://data.spectator.co.uk/city/national
Technology Update.
With events happening
fast in the development of solar power and graphene, I’ve added this section.
Updates as they get reported.
A magnetic twist to graphene
Date: February 8, 2021
Source: Aalto University
Summary: By combining ferromagnets and two rotated
layers of graphene, researchers open up a new platform for strongly interacting
states using graphene's unique quantum degree of freedom.
Electrons in materials have a
property known as 'spin', which is responsible for a variety of properties, the
most well-known of which is magnetism. Permanent magnets, like the ones used
for refrigerator doors, have all the spins in their electrons aligned in the
same direction. Scientists refer to this behaviour as ferromagnetism, and the
research field of trying to manipulate spin as spintronics.
Down in the quantum world, spins can
arrange in more exotic ways, giving rise to frustrated states and entangled
magnets. Interestingly, a property similar to spin, known as "the
valley," appears in graphene materials. This unique feature has given rise
to the field of valleytronics, which aims to exploit the valley property for
emergent physics and information processing, very much like spintronics relies
on pure spin physics.
'Valleytronics would potentially
allow encoding information in the quantum valley degree of freedom, similar to
how electronics do it with charge and spintronics with the spin.' Explains
Professor Jose Lado, from Aalto's Department of applied physics, and one of the
authors of the work. 'What's more, valleytronic devices would offer a dramatic
increase in the processing speeds in comparison with electronics, and with much
higher stability towards magnetic field noise in comparison with spintronic
devices.'
Structures made of rotated,
ultra-thin materials provide a rich solid-state platform for designing novel
devices. In particular, slightly twisted graphene layers have recently been
shown to have exciting unconventional properties, that can ultimately lead to a
new family of materials for quantum technologies. These unconventional states
which are already being explored depend on electrical charge or spin. The open
question is if the valley can also lead to its own family of exciting states.
Making materials for valleytronics
For this goal, it turns out that
conventional ferromagnets play a vital role, pushing graphene to the realms of
valley physics. In a recent work, Ph.D. student Tobias Wolf, together with
Profs. Oded Zilberberg and Gianni Blatter at ETH Zurich, and Prof. Jose Lado at
Aalto University, showed a new direction for correlated physics in magnetic van
der Waals materials.
The team showed that sandwiching two
slightly rotated layers of graphene between a ferromagnetic insulator provides
a unique setting for new electronic states. The combination of ferromagnets,
graphene's twist engineering, and relativistic effects force the "valley"
property to dominate the electrons behaviour in the material. In particular,
the researchers showed how these valley-only states can be tuned electrically,
providing a materials platform in which valley-only states can be generated.
Building on top of the recent breakthrough in spintronics and van der Waals
materials, valley physics in magnetic twisted van der Waals multilayers opens
the door to the new realm of correlated twisted valleytronics.
'Demonstrating these states
represents the starting point towards new exotic entangled valley states.' Said
Professor Lado, 'Ultimately, engineering these valley states can allow
realizing quantum entangled valley liquids and fractional quantum valley Hall
states. These two exotic states of matter have not been found in nature yet,
and would open exciting possibilities towards a potentially new graphene-based
platform for topological quantum computing.'
For this goal, it turns out that
conventional ferromagnets play a vital role, pushing graphene to the realms of
valley physics. In a recent work, Ph.D. student Tobias Wolf, together with
Profs. Oded Zilberberg and Gianni Blatter at ETH Zurich, and Prof. Jose Lado at
Aalto University, showed a new direction for correlated physics in magnetic van
der Waals materials.
The team showed that sandwiching two
slightly rotated layers of graphene between a ferromagnetic insulator provides
a unique setting for new electronic states. The combination of ferromagnets,
graphene's twist engineering, and relativistic effects force the "valley"
property to dominate the electrons behaviour in the material. In particular,
the researchers showed how these valley-only states can be tuned electrically,
providing a materials platform in which valley-only states can be generated.
Building on top of the recent breakthrough in spintronics and van der Waals
materials, valley physics in magnetic twisted van der Waals multilayers opens
the door to the new realm of correlated twisted valleytronics.
'Demonstrating these states
represents the starting point towards new exotic entangled valley states.' Said
Professor Lado, 'Ultimately, engineering these valley states can allow
realizing quantum entangled valley liquids and fractional quantum valley Hall
states. These two exotic states of matter have not been found in nature yet,
and would open exciting possibilities towards a potentially new graphene-based
platform for topological quantum computing.'
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/02/210208114216.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fmatter_energy%2Fgraphene+%28Graphene+News+--+ScienceDaily%29
“Think of all the joy you’ll find when you leave the [real] world
behind and bid your [money] cares goodbye.”
Graeme, with apologies to Peter Pan.
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