Saturday, 27 April 2019

Weekend Update 27/04/2019 Mayday! Mayday! Mayday!


Baltic Dry Index. 889 +20    Brent Crude 72.15

Never-ending Brexit now October 31, maybe. 

Day 148 of the never-ending USA v China trade talks. Everyone’s “optimistic.”

USA v EU trade war 18 days away? No one optimistic.

If all else fails, immortality can always be assured by spectacular error.

John Kenneth Galbraith.

Mayday, the day President Trump brags he will sanction the world for buying oil from Iran. In reality, that would be China, India, Turkey, South Korea and Japan. The last two being virtual client states of the USA, will immediately comply or else. Turkey it’s anyone’s guess. The first two it’s more problematic. It’s a very short shipping route from Iran to India. Will India seek compensation from Uncle Scam for compliance?

With China it’s far more complicated as many refineries are set up to use Iranian crude specifically, but it’s far more complicated than that. Will President Xi really be prepared to publicly, humiliatingly, kowtow to President Trump next week, 19th century style?

But first this.

Who doctored the USA GDP numbers and why? Under President Trump, are the US numbers now scripted as in Communist China? With the Powell Fed already in Trump’s re-election 2020 camp, has the Bureau of Economic Analysis now signed up too?

If economists could manage to get themselves thought of as humble, competent people on a level with dentists, that would be splendid.

John Maynard Keynes

Economy grows 3.2% in first quarter, GDP shows, in report showing strength as well as short-term boosts

By Greg Robb Published: Apr 26, 2019 5:35 p.m. ET

The numbers: Reports of the demise of the U.S. economy proved unfounded as first-quarter activity showed surprising strength. The U.S. economy expanded at a 3.2% annual pace in the first three months of 2019, the government said Friday.

The gain was well above forecasts. Economists polled by MarketWatch had forecast a 2.3% increase in gross domestic product. The economy grew at a 2.2% rate in the final three months of 2018.

Inflation moderated a bit in the first quarter.

What happened: One unexpected factor behind the acceleration in GDP growth in the first quarter was a sharp upturn in state and local government spending.

Spending at this level jumped 3.9% after a 1.3% drop in the prior three months. This was the fastest gain in three years. Spending by local governments likely picked up due to the partial federal government shutdown.

Also fueling the stronger GDP growth were stronger inventory building and trade. These factors are volatile and could reverse this quarter.

Final sales to domestic purchasers, which excludes trade and inventory behavior, rose 2.3% in the first quarter, the smallest gain in three years, but still well above what economists were expecting.
The value of inventories increased to $128.4 billion from $96.8 billion, adding to GDP.
More

The big mystery in the GDP report — where did the inventories come from?

By Greg Robb  Published: Apr 26, 2019 5:36 p.m. ET

Mystery theater comes to government data

It is a case that would make Sherlock Holmes proud.

Growth in the first quarter smashed expectations, fueled in part by strong inventory building. According to the government, $32 billion of goods were added to inventories this quarter, or $128 billion annualized.

This stockpiling of goods boosted first-quarter GDP growth by about 70 basis points and helped propel growth to a 3.2% annual rate, well above forecasts.

The problem is that it is not at all obvious where these inventories came from. Goods have to come from somewhere, either produced by domestic firms or imported from abroad.

The mystery is that both production and imports fell in the first three months of the year, according to government data.

“You can’t stockpile what you do not import or do not produce,” said Robert Brusca, chief economist at FAO Economics.

The Fed reported last week that industrial output slipped at a 0.3% annual rate in the first quarter.

Read: Industrial production weakens further in March

And the government’s GDP report estimates that imports fell 3.7% in the first three months of the year.

The one other explanation — that consumption fell sharply enough to leave businesses with unexpected unsold goods — also doesn’t fit the evidence, Brusca said.

Consumption did not fall faster than industrial production or imports to generate any surplus, he said. To be sure, spending on consumer durable goods fell 5.3%, the biggest drop in 10 years. Business spending on equipment was also weak.

“Any way you slice it, this GDP report...is an apparent mess,” he said.
More

Column: Global economy is close to stalling as trade falls

April 26, 2019 / 1:26 PM
LONDON (Reuters) - World trade volumes are falling for the first time since the end of the financial crisis in a sign the global economy is only one more major shock away from recession.

Trade volumes in the three months between December and February were down 0.8 percent compared with the same period a year earlier, according to the Netherlands Bureau of Economic Policy Analysis (CPB).

Trade is retreating for the first time since the fourth quarter of 2009, when the economy was still being buffeted by aftershocks from the financial crisis (“World trade monitor”, CPB, April 25).

South Korea’s KOSPI-100 equity index, dominated by companies heavily exposed to trade, has been signalling a severe slowdown for almost a year now.

Hong Kong’s International Airport, the world’s busiest air cargo hub, reported volumes were down more than 5 percent year-on-year in the first three months of 2019.

And containers handled through the U.S. Port of Long Beach, one of the major transhipment hubs for goods between the United States and Asia, were down more than 7 percent in the first quarter.

Inside the United States, truck freight growth slowed, and rail freight fell, in the three months from December through February compared with the same period a year earlier.

Around the world, manufacturers have reported that export orders have been falling for seven months in a row, the longest slowdown since 2012, according to the JPMorgan global purchasing managers’ survey.

So far, the loss of momentum has been felt most strongly in manufacturing and transportation, sectors with heavy international exposure, rather than in more domestically focused services.

Bellwethers including 3M Company (diversified manufacturing), Intel (chip manufacturing), Bombardier (rail and aircraft) and UPS (distribution services) all downgraded their outlooks for 2019 on Thursday.
More

Finally, this weekend that oil news. Who sabotaged Russian oil exports? Why?  Is Trump really about to try to sanction China next week for buying Iran’s oil? How will that help the trade deal and the never-ending trade talks? Who benefits from accelerating another global recession and the next Lehman? 

Russia to restore oil pipeline supplies to Europe in two weeks

April 26, 2019 / 6:34 AM
MINSK/MOSCOW (Reuters) - Russia plans to restore oil supplies via its key Druzhba pipeline to Europe in two weeks, after joint talks with Belarus, Ukraine and Poland on Friday in Minsk.

Poland, Germany, Ukraine and other countries suspended imports of Russian oil via the pipeline this week due to contamination. Halting those supplies has knock-on effects further along the network.

After joint talks in the Belarus capital on Friday, Russia’s Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Kozak said in a statement that the four countries had agreed on joint measures to eliminate the effects of the contamination.

“This would allow us, as earlier planned, to supply... (clean) oil to the border with Belarus by April 29 and to restore the pipeline (to stability) in two weeks,” Kozak said in the statement on Friday.

Pavel Sorokin, Russia’s deputy energy minister, told reporters in Minsk after the talks that one of the options for supplying clean oil was to mix the contaminated product with regular supply.

Russia’s pipeline monopoly Transneft said on Friday that the contamination which led to the suspension of the oil flows to Europe could be deliberate, Interfax news agency reported.

The problem arose last week when an unidentified Russian producer contaminated oil with high levels of organic chloride, which is typically used to boost oil output but which must be separated before shipment as it can destroy refining equipment.

“A criminal case was opened over an intended contamination of Russian oil,” Transneft spokesman, Igor Dyomin, was quoted as saying by Interfax.

---- Ukrtransnafta suspended the transit of oil through the pipeline on Thursday, closing supplies via Druzhba’s southern route to Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Hungary.

The suspension cut off a major supply route for Polish refineries owned by Poland’s PKN Orlen and Grupa Lotos, as well as plants in Germany owned by Total, Shell, Eni and Rosneft.

The pipeline issue, which has supported global oil prices, lifted Russian Urals crude differentials to an all-time high on Thursday. [O/R]

With pipeline supplies to Europe shut, Russia faces a challenge of how to divert about 1 million barrels per day (bpd) that was meant to be shipped through the network to other destinations at a time when export capacity is at its limits.
More

No wind-down for China on stopping its Iran oil buys: Trump officials

April 26, 2019 / 7:37 PM
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Two Trump administration officials said on Friday that neither a wind-down period nor a short-term waiver on China’s oil purchases from Iran are being contemplated after Washington surprised Iran’s customers on Monday by demanding they halt the purchases by May 1 or face sanctions.

The administration has been clear to China, Iran’s top oil consumer, about no additional waivers to the sanctions after the ones granted last November, one of the senior officials said.

“They’ve known about it, so to my knowledge that’s not being contemplated,” said the official, adding that ultimately questions about any wind-down period are for the State Department. The State Department did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Under U.S. sanctions law, importers of Iranian oil including China, India and Turkey, could be allowed a wind-down period before getting to zero oil purchases, including a short-term waiver. Any wind-down measures would be different than the 180 day exceptions the Trump administration granted in November to China and seven other importers for significantly reducing oil purchases from Iran, measures set to end in May.

---- President Donald Trump left the Iran nuclear deal between Tehran and six world powers last May. Trump is now reapplying the oil sanctions, without exceptions, for reducing oil purchases, a step the Obama administration never took when it slapped sanctions on Iran.

Trump’s sanctions on Iran are intended to curb its nuclear and ballistic missile program and reduce its influence in Syria, Yemen and other countries in the Middle East. Obama’s sanctions targeted only Iran’s nuclear program.

After the Trump administration announced on Monday its intent to sink Iran’s oil exports to zero, Iran’s Revolutionary Guards repeated a threat to block the Strait of Hormuz, a vital shipping route linking Middle East oil producers to markets in Asia, Europe and North America.

If China does not cut Iran oil purchases to zero, the Trump administration may have to make a decision on blocking Chinese banks from the U.S. financial system. That could have unintended consequences for finance and business between the world’s two biggest economies, already in negotiations over trade disagreements.

“It could,” one official conceded about the potential for unintended consequences, “but that’s why China’s decision is easy, it’s not a difficult decision for them mathematically. They do business with the U.S. which is critical, they do business with Iran which is not critical.”

“If you're not gonna pull the trigger, don't point the gun.”

James Baker. United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Ronald Reagan, and U.S. Secretary of State and White House Chief of Staff under President George H. W. Bush.

The monthly Coppock Indicators finished March 

DJIA: 25,929 +54 Down. NASDAQ: 7,729 +94 Down. SP500: 2,834 +53 Down. 

Normally this would suggest more correction still to come, but with President Trump wanting to be judged by the performance of the stock market and the Fed’s Plunge Protection Team now officially part of President Trump’s re-election team, probably the safest action here is fully paid up synthetic double options on most of the major indexes.

Friday, 26 April 2019

Are We Already There?


Baltic Dry Index. 869 +19    Brent Crude 74.26

Never ending Brexit now October 31, maybe. 

Day 147 of the never-ending USA v China trade talks. Everyone’s “optimistic.”

USA v EU trade war 19 days away? No one optimistic.

They don’t ring a bell at the top.

Wall Street Adage.

Did stocks already arrive at their destination but nobody noticed because no one rang a bell or announced “all change?” Did we just put in a double top? Have the Trump trade wars, with a new one about to start against Europe, dropped our 737 Max global economy below stall speed?

While it’s too early to say for certain, a quick look around planet earth this morning from London, suggests that we have indeed arrived. Now what? That what, is likely to involve less and less effective hype and hopium, plus rising panic in the re-election team Trump Fed.

In snake bit, Brexit Europe, the ECB has all but given up on staving off a new recession. With Germany joining France, Italy and Spain, all near or below stall speed, higher oil prices here to stay, and Brexit still to come, Europe’s a gonner, head for the parachutes now.

Below, the final Friday of April 2019.

What beat me was not having brains enough to stick to my own game. … there is the Wall Street fool, who thinks he must trade all the time.

Jesse Livermore.

Asian markets mostly fall after Dow, oil prices pull back

By Marketwatch and Associated Press  Published: Apr 25, 2019 11:25 p.m. ET
Asian markets trended down in early trading Friday, following a pullback by the Dow Jones Industrial Average and a continued drop in oil prices.

Japan’s Nikkei NIK, -0.32%   fell 0.7% while Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index HSI, +0.26%   edged up 0.2%. The Shanghai Composite SHCOMP, -0.08%   declined 0.5% and South Korea’s Kospi SEU, -0.33%  was down 0.4%. Stocks were about flat in Singapore STI, +0.06%   and Indonesia JAKIDX, -1.16%  , but down in Taiwan Y9999, -0.99%  . Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 XJO, -0.06%   was down slightly
More
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/asian-markets-mostly-fall-after-dow-oil-prices-pull-back-2019-04-25?mod=mw_theo_homepage

Intel stock plummets on disappointing earnings outlook as new CEO describes ‘more cautious’ trend

By Wallace Witkowski  Published: Apr 25, 2019 5:54 p.m. ET
Intel Corp. shares plummeted as much as 9% in the extended session Thursday after the chip giant’s outlook fell way below Wall Street estimates, offsetting an earnings beat, and a decline in data-center revenue was worse than expected. 

Intel INTC, -1.89%  said it expects adjusted earnings of 89 cents a share on revenue of about $15.6 billion for the second quarter, while analysts polled by FactSet had forecast earnings of $1.01 a share on revenue of $16.86 billion. For the year, the chip maker sees adjusted earnings of $4.35 a share on revenue of about $69 billion. Analysts had forecast $4.50 a share on revenue of $71.04 billion.

“Our conversations with customers and partners across our PC and data-centric businesses over the past couple months have made several trends clear,” Intel Chief Executive Bob Swan said on the conference call.

“The decline in memory pricing has intensified, the data-center inventory and capacity digestion that we described in January is more pronounced than we expected, and China headwinds have increased, leading to a more cautious IT spending environment,” Swan said. “And yet those same customer conversations reinforce our confidence that demand will improve in the second half.”

The company reported first-quarter net income of $3.97 billion, or 87 cents a share, compared with $4.45 billion, or 93 cents a share, in the year-ago period. Adjusted earnings were 89 cents a share. Revenue declined to $16.06 billion from $16.07 billion in the year-ago quarter. Analysts had forecast adjusted earnings of 87 cents a share on revenue of $16.03 billion, according to FactSet.
More
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/intel-stock-plummets-on-disappointing-earnings-outlook-as-new-ceo-takes-a-more-cautious-view-2019-04-25?mod=mw_theo_homepage&mod=mw_theo_homepage

Tesla’s earnings were a ‘debacle,’ says longtime bull in scorching commentary

By Ciara Linnane and Claudia Assis  Published: Apr 25, 2019 12:54 p.m. ET
Tesla Inc.’s first-quarter earnings and accompanying call with analysts was “one of (the) top debacles we have ever seen,” according to one longtime Tesla bull, who said Thursday he was dropping his buy rating on the stock.

Daniel Ives of Wedbush cut his rating on Tesla TSLA, -4.26%  to neutral from outperform, the equivalent of buy, in a scorching note that reflected equal amounts of frustration and despair.

“In our 20 years of covering tech stocks on the Street we view this quarter as one of top debacles we have ever seen while Musk & Co. in an episode out of the Twilight Zone act as if demand and profitability will magically return to the Tesla story,” Ives wrote in a note to investors. “Ultimately we believe the company’s guidance is aggressive and management/board is not taking aggressive enough cost cutting actions and shutting down future endeavors to preserve capital and give a sustained path to profitability for the Street.”
More
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/teslas-earnings-were-a-debacle-says-longtime-bull-in-scorching-commentary-2019-04-25?mod=MW_story_top_stories

Man credited with calling the 2008 crisis says the next 20 years in the stock market will ‘break a lot of hearts’

By Mark DeCambre  Published: Apr 25, 2019 4:36 p.m. ET
Jeremy Grantham, an investor credited with predicting the 2000 and 2008 downturns, told CNBC on Thursday that investors should get inured to lackluster returns in the stock market for the next two decades, after a century of handsome gains.

“In the last 100 years, we’re used to delivering perhaps 6%,” but the U.S. market will be delivering real returns of about 2% or 3% on average over next 20 years, the value investor and co-founder of Boston-based asset manager GMO told CNBC in a rare interview

Over the past five years, the S&P 500 index SPX, -0.04% has produced a compound annual growth rate of 8.1%, the Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA, -0.51% has boasted a CAGR of 9.1%, while the Nasdaq Composite Index COMP, +0.21% has registered a compound return of 11.4% over the same period, according to FactSet data.

Grantham attributed his call for lower future returns to a stock market he still views as pricey, despite a downturn that gripped the broader market in the latter portion of 2018.

The cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings (CAPE) ratio, a popular gauge of stock-market value created partly by Nobel laureate economist Robert Shiller, stands at 30.04, well above its historical average of 16.61.

Grantham, who has been predicting a meltdown in stocks since last year, said that not even the recent go-slow reversal by the Federal Reserve on rate increases and the European Central Bank’s decision to roll out a fresh batch of bank stimulus will push stocks significantly higher. “You can’t get blood out of a stone,” he told the network.
More
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/investor-credited-with-calling-the-2008-crisis-says-the-next-20-years-in-the-stock-market-will-break-a-lot-of-hearts-2019-03-07?mod=MW_story_top_stories

Oil prices on track for longest weekly gains in years amid tense global market

April 26, 2019 / 1:49 AM
SINGAPORE (Reuters) - Oil prices dipped on Friday on hopes that producer club OPEC will soon raise output to make up for a decline in exports from Iran following a tightening of sanctions on Tehran by the United States.

Despite this, oil markets remain tight amid supply disruptions and rising geopolitical concerns, especially over the tensions between the United States and Iran, putting prices on course for the longest run of weekly gains in years.

Brent crude futures were at $74.17 per barrel at 0430 GMT, down 18 cents, or 0.2 percent, from their last close.

U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures were at $64.92 per barrel, down 29 cents, or 0.4 percent.

The dip followed Brent’s rise above $75 per barrel for the first time this year on Thursday after Germany, Poland and Slovakia suspended imports of Russian oil via a major pipeline, citing poor quality. The move cut parts of Europe off from a major supply route.

Brent is on track for its fifth weekly price gain, the longest such stretch since April 2018. WTI’s weekly gains have been going on for eight weeks, marking the longest weekly run since the first half of 2015.
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Poland, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine to talk on polluted Russian oil

April 26, 2019 / 6:34 AM
WARSAW (Reuters) - Representatives of Poland, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine will meet on Friday in Minsk, the capital of Belarus, to discuss how to solve the problem of polluted Russian oil, Poland’s pipeline operator PERN said on Thursday night. 

Poland, Germany and Slovakia suspended imports of Russian oil via a major pipeline, citing poor quality and triggering a rare crisis over supply from the world’s second-largest crude exporter.

The quality problem arose last week when an unknown Russian producer contaminated oil with high levels of organic chloride, which is used to boost oil output but must be separated before shipment as it can destroy refining equipment.

The suspension cuts off a major supply route for Polish refineries owned by Poland’s PKN Orlen and Grupa Lotos, as well as plants in Germany owned by Total, Shell, Eni and Rosneft.


Crooks and Scoundrels Corner

The bent, the seriously bent, and the totally doubled over.

Today, more on China’s “New Silk Road.” China’s Belt and Road Initiative, striking fear and paranoia in Washington D. C. Suppose Eur-Asia united and prospered along with Africa, and possibly even India?  Though unlikely, a recurring nightmare in the District of Crooks!

Dominance or development? What’s at the end of China’s New Silk Road?

·         Beijing’s global infrastructure drive will be in the spotlight this week when dozens of heads of state converge on the Chinese capital for the second Belt and Road Forum
·         In the first of a four-part series, we look at what might be the real purpose of the massive programme
Shi Jiangtao   Sarah Zheng  Published: 6:00am, 22 Apr, 2019

By the entrance of the main office in Cambodia’s Sihanoukville Special Economic Zone is a crimson message from the country’s prime minister, Hun Sen.

Written in flowing Khmer and Mandarin is a quote from the China-friendly strongman likening the area to “my own son”.

On the opposite wall is a quote from Chinese President Xi Jinping hailing the zone – one of the first industrial estates in Asia funded and jointly run by Chinese investors – as a landmark model of cooperation.

The zone is home to dozens of Chinese firms and is just 12km (7 miles) from Cambodia’s only deep-sea port, a facility that was developed with the help of China’s strategic rival, Japan.

The port, which handles about 70 per cent of Cambodian imports and exports, is a major link in a chain of some 600 facilities in 200 countries connected by China’s “
.
China launched the scheme in 2015 to spur trade along ancient Silk Road land and sea routes linked to Asia, Africa and Europe.

Cambodia is one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world and has become a haven for Chinese investors, with capital inflows reaching an estimated US$3.9 billion last year.

The growth in investment in places like Cambodia comes despite mounting criticism and resistance, and underlines Beijing’s accelerated push for the world’s most ambitious project amid China’s economic wrangling with the United States and European powers and their unfolding geopolitical rivalry.

Those ambitions will be in the spotlight this week when 37 heads of state, including Hun Sen and Russian President Vladimir Putin, head to Beijing for the Belt and Road Forum, the second of its kind in less than two years. But neither India nor the US will send senior representatives.

Observers say the event is aimed at both domestic and foreign audiences, with Beijing keen to showcase the popularity of Xi’s foreign policy and gauge the level of interest and commitment among participants in the project.

But there is also expected to be much questioning and scrutiny of China’s global ambitions. While Beijing wants to convince the world of its peaceful rise and its desire to promote regional connectivity and growth in Eurasia and Africa by using government capital, state-owned enterprises and projects abroad, it still has a lot of explaining to do.

“A significant part of the Belt and Road Initiative is projecting the rejuvenation of China inherent in Xi’s ‘Chinese dream’,” Steve Tsang, director of the SOAS China Institute at the University of London’s School of Oriental and African Studies, said. “It is not about solving the world’s problems but about making Xi’s China appear great and successful.”
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China's Xi says Belt and Road must be green, sustainable

April 25, 2019 / 2:39 AM
BEIJING (Reuters) - China’s Belt and Road initiative must be green and sustainable, President Xi Jinping said at the opening of a summit on his grand plan on Friday, adding that the massive infrastructure and trade plan should result in “high-quality” growth for everyone.

Xi’s plan to rebuild the old Silk Road to connect China with Asia, Europe and beyond has become mired in controversy as some partner nations have bemoaned the high cost of infrastructure projects.
China has not said exactly how much money will be needed in total, but some independent estimates suggest it will run into several trillion dollars.

Beijing has repeatedly said it is not seeking to trap anyone with debt and only has good intentions, and has been looking to use this week’s summit in Beijing to recalibrate the policy and address those concerns.

Xi said in a keynote speech that environmental protection must underpin the scheme “to protect the common home we live in”.

“We must adhere to the concept of openness, greenness, and cleanliness,” he said.

More


Technology Update.
With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported. Is converting sunlight to usable cheap AC or DC energy mankind’s future from the 21st century onwards?

Coal could yield treatment for traumatic injuries

Scientists discover coal-derived 'dots' are effective antioxidant

Date: April 24, 2019

Source: Rice University

Summary: Coal-derived graphene quantum dots, when modified with a polymer, are effective antioxidants. They could lead to a therapy for people who suffer traumatic brain injuries, strokes or heart attacks.

Graphene quantum dots drawn from common coal may be the basis for an effective antioxidant for people who suffer traumatic brain injuries, strokes or heart attacks.

Their ability to quench oxidative stress after such injuries is the subject of a study by scientists at Rice University, the Texas A&M Health Science Center and the McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth).

Quantum dots are semiconducting materials small enough to exhibit quantum mechanical properties that only appear at the nanoscale.

Rice chemist James Tour, A&M neurologist Thomas Kent and UTHealth biochemist Ah-Lim Tsai and their teams found the biocompatible dots, when modified with a common polymer, are effective mimics of the body's own superoxide dismutase, one of many natural enzymes that keep oxidative stress in check.

But because natural antioxidants can be overwhelmed by the rapid production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that race to heal an injury, the team has been working for years to see if a quick injection of reactive nanomaterials can limit the collateral damage these free radicals can cause to healthy cells.

An earlier study by the trio showed that hydrophilic clusters modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve their solubility and biological stability are effective at quenching oxidative stress, as a single nanoparticle had the ability to neutralize thousands of ROS molecules.

"Replacing our earlier nanoparticles with coal-derived quantum dots makes it much simpler and less expensive to produce these potentially therapeutic materials," Tour said. "It opens the door to more readily accessible therapies."

Tests on cell lines showed a mix of PEG and graphene quantum dots from common coal is just as effective at halting damage from superoxide and hydrogen peroxides as the earlier materials, but the dots themselves are more disclike than the ribbonlike clusters.

The results appear in the American Chemical Society journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
The Tour lab first extracted quantum dots from coal in 2013 and reported on their potential for medical imaging, sensing, electronic and photovoltaic applications. A subsequent study showed how they can be engineered for specific semiconducting properties.

In the new study, the researchers evaluated the dots' electrochemical, chemical and biological activity. The Rice lab chemically extracted quantum dots from inexpensive bituminous and anthracite coal, modified them with the polymer and tested their abilities on live cells from rodents.

The results showed that quantum dot doses in various concentrations were highly effective at protecting cells from oxidation, even if the doses were delayed by 15 minutes after the researchers added damaging hydrogen peroxide to the cell culture dishes.
More
 
Another weekend and the spring/summer uplift is firmly underway in the northern hemisphere. But is the seasonal uplift enough to carry stock markets up to new, probably unsustainable highs? And what if it isn’t? Do we get to retest the December lows? The other recurring DC nightmare, but this one in the White House and in the Powell Fed. Have a great weekend everyone.

A man will risk half his fortune in the stock market with less reflection than he devotes to the selection of a medium-priced automobile.

Jesse Livermore.

The monthly Coppock Indicators finished March

DJIA: 25,929 +54 Down. NASDAQ: 7,729 +94 Down. SP500: 2,834 +53 Down. 

Normally this would suggest more correction still to come, but with President Trump wanting to be judged by the performance of the stock market and the Fed’s Plunge Protection Team now officially part of President Trump’s re-election team, probably the safest action here is fully paid up synthetic double options on most of the major indexes.