Saturday, 2 February 2019

Weekend Update 02/02/19. Rams, Feds, Pigs, and Brexit.


Baltic Dry Index 668 -53       Brent Crude 62.75

Trump 25 percent tariffs 28 days away.  Brexit 56 days away.

"The great merit of gold is precisely that it is scarce; that its quantity is limited by nature; that it is costly to discover, to mine, and to process; and that it cannot be created by political fiat or caprice."

Henry Hazlitt

It is Super Bowl weekend in America and the eve of the Chinese New Year, February 5th through February 19. Stock market bulls will be hoping that the LA Rams win. Bears hoping that the New England Patriots win.  On Tuesday, President Trump finally gets to deliver his delayed State of the Union Address to a political audience in Congress and to the nation via TV.

Traditionally, the party of the incumbent President gets to wildly applaud, cheer and jump up at the slightest cause while the opposing party get to scowl, hiss and remain seated and look generally distressed.  Any Supremes and Federal Reserve bigwigs attending, try desperately to look impartial and unembarrassed. A good time is not had by all.

In reality, stocks will largely respond to what the Fed does with interest rates, how the USA v China trade war turns out, how much the global economy slows and what impact that has on corporate profits and debt service, and to a lesser extent to Brexit, and whether rump-EUSSR inflexibility pushes Germany into recession alongside Italy.

Shorter term, how much next week’s Chinese New Year, more correctly Lunar New Year, will drain global liquidity from global stock markets, if any. The Year of the Pig is supposed to bring in prosperity. That plus an LA Rams win, and a Federal Reserve in his pocket, and President Trump’s got 2019 made.


Update 2.00 pm.

A Twelve year old Norwegian takes on Bach's Toccata and wins.


Every generation imagines itself to be more intelligent than the one that went before it, and wiser than the one that comes after it.

George Orwell. But not always.
 
Below, a look at the week ahead. Try not to look at the rapidly sinking Baltic Dry Index.

21st century adage: Is that true, or did you hear it on the BBC?

Take Five: Dogs and Pigs. World markets themes for the week ahead

February 1, 2019 / 2:26 PM
(Reuters) - Following are five big themes likely to dominate the thinking of investors and traders in the coming week and the Reuters stories related to them.

GONE TO THE DOGS

Investors burnt in the 2018 stock market rout will be happy to put the Year of the Dog behind them. Instead, the end of the Chinese Lunar New Year holiday will usher in the Year of the Pig, a symbol of wealth and prosperity.

The first month of the Gregorian calendar may augur well, too. The $4 trillion MSCI world stocks index just enjoyed the best start to a year since the benchmark began in 1988. The question is: Can the Pig help global equities sustain this stellar run?

Some bargain hunting and short-covering were to be expected after December’s historic rout. Hopes that the trade spat between Washington and Beijing may ease and signs of a pause in U.S. interest rate hikes also helped. But a major issue behind the selloff - China’s cooling economy - has not gone away.

What’s more, investors obsessing over whether the global economy is sliding towards recession are heading into February starved of crucial macroeconomic data that would normally guide them.

China will be shut for a week for the Spring Festival. That may drain global financial markets of some liquidity. On the data front, Beijing tends to combine some industrial activity data for the first two months to prevent a skew in the numbers.

---- On Tuesday, President Donald Trump will deliver the State of the Union address before Congress - a week late after House Speaker Nancy Pelosi yanked the original invitation during their showdown over the government shutdown.

Trump looks sure to keep up the pressure for the border wall and may renew calls for infrastructure spending. Even with Wall Street focused on upcoming company results, including Alphabet and General Motors, the annual address has the potential to move markets.

While the S&P 500 rose 0.05 percent the day after Trump’s speech last year, it jumped 1.37 percent after his 2017 inaugural address, its second largest gain after the 1.51 percent rise that followed George W. Bush’s January 1991 message.

In fact, big market moves that followed State of the Union addresses in the past have tended to be downward.

Since 1965, when Lyndon Johnson gave the first televised State of the Union address, the S&P500 has fallen 1 percent or more the following day on 12 occasions. The biggest loss came after Bill Clinton’s 2000 speech when it fell 2.75 percent. The market rose more than 1 percent only four times.

----- RATES DOWN UNDER

With China on holiday for Lunar New Year, the spotlight is on its Asian neighbours. Having enjoyed its boom, they are now enduring the fallout from its slowdown.

In Australia, a common proxy market for Chinese risk due to their trade links, China’s slowdown has translated into a run of grim economic data. Those may lead the Reserve Bank of Australia to signal at its Feb. 5 meeting that interest rates will stay at 1.5 percent until well into 2021.

Until now, the RBA has been doggedly optimistic, insisting its next rate move will be up. But recent dismal readings on the economy have led markets to scrap forecasts for a policy tightening; instead some are pricing in a cut.
More


Melbourne Housing Prices Plummet At Fastest Quarterly Pace Ever Recorded; Sydney Enters "New Territory"





Fri, 02/01/2019 - 21:45
Six weeks after we noted that Australian housing regulators were warned to prepare "contingency plans for a severe collapse in the housing market" that could lead to a "crisis situation," CoreLogic reports that Melbourne housing prices have fallen at their fastest quarterly pace on record, according to Australia's News.com.au.

Prices in Sydney and Melbourne fell 1.3% and 1.6% respectively in January, "bringing their rolling quarterly falls to 4.5 per cent and 4 per cent," according to the report. 

From their respective peaks in July and November 2017, Sydney housing prices are down 12.3% , while Melbourne has seen a drop of 8.7% - as values drop to levels last seen between late 2016 and early 2017.

"If you had asked me in September last year I probably would have been surprised to see Sydney and Melbourne values down more than 4 per cent over the rolling quarter," said Tim Lawless, head of research at CoreLogic. 

"We have seen the downturn accelerate over the last three months. At 4 per cent down in Melbourne that’s the fastest rate of decline we’ve ever seen of any rolling three-month period, and Sydney is virtually (the fastest outside) a really brief period in the ‘80s." 

The decline in Sydney is now the worst since CoreLogic began collecting records in 1980 - surpassing the previous record of 9.6 perdcent seen between 1989 and 1991. Melbourne experienced a drop of 10% over the same period. 

"Sydney clearly is in new territory," said Lawless. "I think we can firmly point towards tighter credit and lending conditions throwing a dampener over the market."

---- While Lawless has characterized the drop as a consolidation, others foresee continued difficulty in the Australian housing market. 

AMP Capital chief economist Dr. Shane Oliver predicted an average peak-to-trough price drop of 10-15%, while revising his forecast for Sydney and Melbourne down from a drop of 20% to 25%. 

"A crash landing — say a national average price fall in excess of 20 per cent — remains unlikely in the absence of much higher interest rates or unemployment, but it’s a significant risk given the difficulty in gauging how severe the tightening in bank lending standards in the face of the royal commission will get and how investors will respond as their capital growth expectations collapse at a time when net rental yields are around 1-2 per cent."
More

EU imposes curbs on steel imports after Trump tariffs

February 1, 2019 / 8:58 AM
BRUSSELS (Reuters) - The European Union will impose limits on steel coming into the bloc from Saturday in response to U.S. President Donald Trump’s metals tariffs, a filing in the European Union’s official journal said on Friday.

Steel imports will be subject to quotas to counter the concerns of EU producers who say Europe could be flooded with steel that is no longer being imported into the United States.

There will be specific limits for major exporting countries and the quotas will apply for three-month periods in order to limit stockpiling. The main exporters of steel to the EU are China, India, Russia, South Korea, Turkey and Ukraine.

The measures concern 26 steel product categories, with quotas set at the average of imports over the period 2015-2017, plus 5 percent. Once these quotas are filled, 25 percent tariffs apply. They will replace provisional measures imposed in July.

The new measures should remain in place for up to three years, but can be reviewed in case of changed circumstances. The quotas should also rise by 5 percent from July 1, 2019, and again by the same amount a year later, subject to reviews, the Commission said.
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Finally, as goes Deutsche Bank so goes Germany. As goes Germany so goes the rump-EUSSR and the euro. What a shame. Brexit now before DB self-destructs.

"We shouldn't pour cold water on everything.  We, the eight or nine players in global investment banking, have a very good future."

Deutsche Bank, CEO Josef Ackermann. Davos, January 2007.

How Deutsche Bank Drifted Into Its Whirlpool of Woes

1 February 2019, 17:12 GMT
At this point, Deutsche Bank AG’s biggest problem may simply be how many problems it has, how long they’ve gone on and how they’ve fueled one another. Four years of sliding revenue has spawned four failed turnaround plans and the steady departure of senior executives. That’s alongside an equally steady stream of lawsuits and investigations, topped by a raid on the bank’s headquarters in November. Its next obstacle may be the solution the German government seems to have in mind -- merging it with its troubled cross-town rival, Commerzbank AG.

1. What’s gone wrong?

Chief Financial Officer James von Moltke has said the bank is suffering from “a vicious circle of declining revenues, sticky expenses, lowered ratings and rising funding costs.” It’s repeatedly tried to reverse the slide, without success. Problems include outdated technology, a talent drain and heavy fines -- $17 billion in the last decade -- for misconduct. Adverse market conditions, which limited opportunities to profit from trading, and a credit-rating downgrade have compounded the homemade difficulties. The bank’s shares lost more than half their value in 2018.

2. Why can’t the bank turn itself around?

It’s been cutting costs to pare down to a more profitable size, but it’s been losing business even more quickly. The corporate and investment banking unit, responsible for more than half of total revenue, has lost market share to rivals that were quicker to fix balance-sheet and governance weaknesses after the 2008 financial crisis. The issues facing Deutsche Bank are also affecting many European banks:
Because the European Central Bank is expected to hold interest rates near zero into 2020, revenue at bank retail units is likely to stay depressed. For Deutsche Bank, the situation is made worse by the structure of its home market, where numerous smaller banks keep margins razor-thin.
More

"It's strange that men should take up crime when there are so many legal ways to be dishonest. “

Al Capone.

The monthly Coppock Indicators finished January.

DJIA: 24,999 +76 Down. NASDAQ: 7,282 +124 Down. SP500: 2,704 +71 Down. 
Normally this would suggest more correction still to come, but with President Trump wanting to be judged by the performance of the stock market and the Fed’s Plunge Protection Team now officially part of President Trump’s re-election team, probably the safest action here is fully paid up synthetic double options on most of the major indexes.

Friday, 1 February 2019

“THE BIGGEST DEAL EVER MADE.” - WELL NEARLY MADE


Baltic Dry Index 668 -53       Brent Crude    61.89

Trump 25 percent tariffs 29 days away.  Brexit 57 days away.

Politics is too serious a matter to be left to the politicians.

Charles de Gaulle

With typical understatement and modesty, President Trump says that he is close to reaching “the biggest deal ever made,” in the trade war with China. Well nearly, since nothing is settled like Brexit until everything is settled, which is intended to take place when Presidents Trump and Xi next meet.

Elsewhere it is day one of the new Free Trade Zone between the EU and Japan. The Japanese will eventually get tariff free EU wines, cheeses and pork, while the EU will eventually, (2027,) get tariff free Japanese made cars. Whether either side wants or needs either is an open question, especially given the global glut of autos especially in Europe, but France has to find somewhere to dump all of their excess cheese.

Below, how the world looks this cold and snowy morning  from the UK.

How can anyone govern a nation that has two hundred and forty-six different kinds of cheese?

Charles de Gaulle

Asian markets muted after disappointing Chinese manufacturing data

By Associated Press and Marketwatch  Published: Jan 31, 2019 11:21 p.m. ET
Asian markets were mixed on Friday as trade talks ended in Washington with no deal but the promise of a second meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump and Chinese leader Xi Jinping. Gains were limited by a private survey showing that Chinese manufacturing slowed to the lowest level in almost three years.

Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index HSI, -0.39%   lost 0.3% while the Shanghai Composite index SHCOMP, +0.53%   jumped 0.8%. Japan’s Nikkei 225 index NIK, +0.01%   rose 0.1%after the country’s unemployment rate unexpectedly fell to 2.4% in December, from 2.5% the month before. South Korea’s Kospi SEU, +0.02%   edged 0.1% higher while Australia’s S&P ASX 200 c XJO, -0.05%   was flat. Shares were higher in Singapore STI, -0.07%   and JAKIDX, +1.06%  . Markets in Taiwan were closed.

----Corporate earnings helped U.S. indexes seal a strong performance in January. Facebook FB, +10.82%   reported that it earned $6.9 billion in the fourth quarter, 61% higher than a year earlier. After the close of regular trading, Amazon AMZN, +2.89%   said its quarterly profits topped $3 billion for the first time, though its forecast for the current quarter was tepid. The S&P 500 index SPX, +0.86%  added 0.9% to 2,704.10. It rose 7.9% in January, its best monthly gain since October 2015. The Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA, -0.06%   eased 0.1% to 24,999.67 while the Nasdaq composite COMP, +1.37%   jumped 1.4% to 7,281.74.

American and Chinese negotiators wrapped up two days of talks Thursday without a deal but with an upbeat outlook. President Donald Trump said China has agreed to buy more American soybeans, but he expects to meet his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping to seek agreement on other contentious issues. “There are some points we don’t agree to, but we will agree,” Trump said. “I think when Xi and I meet, every point will be agreed to.” A tariffs cease-fire between the U.S. and China is set to be lifted on March 2, and the U.S. is expected to raise import taxes from 10% to 25% for $200 billion in Chinese goods.

A private survey released on Friday suggested that manufacturing in China slowed in January. China’s Caixin Manufacturing PMI was 48.3 in January, down from 49.7 in December. This was its lowest reading since February 2016. Readings below 50 indicate contraction on the index’s 100-point scale. The survey said that Chinese production and new orders slipped further in January while export orders climbed, fueling fears that the world’s second largest economy was experiencing a slowdown.
More

Factory activity shrinks across Asia as cooling China threatens global growth

February 1, 2019 / 3:57 AM
HONG KONG (Reuters) - Factory activity shrank across much of Asia in January, falling to the weakest in years in several countries and adding to worries that trade tariffs and cooling demand in China pose an increasing threat to global growth.

The weak Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) readings reinforce expectations that central banks in Asia will put any further interest rate hikes on hold this year.

In some countries, such as China, Australia and India, there is even chatter about potential rate cuts.
Trade-focused Asia appears to be suffering the most visible loss of momentum so far, but the euro zone economy is stuck in low gear and many emerging markets are sputtering.

The U.S. economy, while a bit wobbly of late, still looks set to post solid growth, though softer than last year’s pace.

---- “A lot depends on whether the U.S. and China come to a reasonable deal. Then we can actually avert this potential trade recession, but at the moment it’s all tentative.”

U.S. President Donald Trump said on Thursday he will meet with Chinese President Xi Jinping soon to try to seal a comprehensive trade deal as Trump and his top trade negotiator both cited substantial progress in two days of high-level talks.

Trump, speaking at the White House during a meeting with Chinese Vice Premier Liu He, said he was optimistic that the world’s two largest economies could reach “the biggest deal ever made.”

Meanwhile, bleak factory gauges suggests that the global economy will get worse before it gets better.

China’s factory activity shrank by the most in almost three years in January as new orders slumped further and output fell, the private Caixin/Markit PMI survey showed. The numbers were weaker than Thursday’s official PMI survey.
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Finally, in the EUSSR suicidal Brexit game of Russian roulette, who gets hurt worst? Hint: it starts with a big “I” followed next by an even bigger “E.”

Besides, Europe’s up next in President Trump’s tariff war firing line. 25 percent US tariffs on German auto exports, plus a WTO Brexit tariff on German GB motor exports, ought to get someone’s attention pretty fast, or Germany will follow Italy into recession.


Jean-Claude Juncker. Failed Luxembourg Prime Minister and ex-president of the Euro Group of Finance Ministers. Confessed liar. European Commission President. Scotch connoisseur.

Italy in recession amid stagnant eurozone

January 31, 2019
Italy's economy tipped into recession at the end of last year, according to latest figures.

In the final three months of 2018, the economy shrank by 0.2%, following a 0.1% decline in the third quarter, the Istat statistics office said.

Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte said the contraction was likely to continue into 2019.

Meanwhile, figures from the EU showed economic growth in the 19-country eurozone still languishing.

Growth in the euro area remained at 0.2% in the final quarter of 2018, the same as the previous quarter and in line with analysts' expectations.

Italy's coalition government was forced to revise its expansionary 2019 budget last month after the European Commission raised concerns about the impact on Italy's debt levels.

Euro zone growth sticks to lowest rate in four years

January 31, 2019 / 10:11 AM
BRUSSELS (Reuters) - The euro zone economy stuck to its lowest pace of growth in four years in the final three months of 2018, data showed on Thursday.

Gross domestic product (GDP) in the 19 countries sharing the single currency rose by 0.2 percent in the quarter and by 1.2 percent year-on-year, data from the European statistics agency Eurostat showed.

Both figures matched the average forecasts of economists polled by Reuters.

The quarter-on-quarter rate in the fourth quarter matched that of the third quarter, which had been the lowest rate since the second quarter of 2014.

No-deal Brexit would push Europe back into deep recession, with explosive consequences

Economic growth across the eurozone core has dropped to stall speed. This is the price that Europe pays for clinging to a mercantilist trade model.

If you depend on perpetual surpluses and the rest of the world’s consumer demand to stay afloat, you become acutely vulnerable in a Sino-led global trade slump.

Italy has been in recession for the last six months. Credible forecasts are warning of outright contraction for the whole 2019 as well, posing a lethal threat for Italy’s fragile debt dynamics.

Germany and France are both in an industrial slump. The IHS Markit composite index of French manufacturing and services fell deep into contraction territory in January.

No nation has friends only interests.

Charles de Gaulle


Crooks and Scoundrels Corner

The bent, the seriously bent, and the totally doubled over banksters and politicians.

Today, more on that that easy to win trade war again. But exactly who is “winning and why?” Is anyone “winning” at all?

Below China says it will buy more USA soybeans again. Why not? The boycott was always a play to hurt Trump and the Republicans at last November’s elections. It’s a lot cheaper to ship beans from Oregon to China than from Brazil.

Trump to meet with China's Xi to try to seal trade deal, progress reported

January 31, 2019 / 1:02 PM
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump said on Thursday he will meet with Chinese President Xi Jinping soon to try to seal a comprehensive trade deal as Trump and his top trade negotiator both cited substantial progress in two days of high-level talks.

Trump, speaking at the White House during a meeting with Chinese Vice Premier Liu He, said he was optimistic that the world’s two largest economies could reach “the biggest deal ever made.”

The Chinese trade delegation said in a statement that the two days of high-level talks made “important progress,” China’s official Xinhua news agency reported.

No specific plans for a meeting with Xi were announced, but Trump said there could be more than one meeting. U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin were invited to bring a U.S. negotiating team to Beijing around mid-February, with dates still pending.

At the end of the talks next door to the White House, Liu told Trump that China would make a new, immediate commitment to increase soybean purchases. An administration official later clarified the amount as a total of 5 million tonnes, effectively doubling the amount bought by China since resuming limited purchases in December.

U.S. soybean sales to China, which totalled 31.7 million tonnes in 2017, were largely cut off in the second half of last year by China’s retaliatory tariffs and the announcement drew a positive reaction from Trump, who said it would “make our farmers very happy.”

The Chinese delegation’s statement said China will expand imports of U.S. agricultural, energy, service and industrial products, according to Xinhua.

---- Asked whether the two sides discussed lifting U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods, Lighthizer said tariffs were not part of the talks.

A person familiar with the discussions said a broad range of concerns about access to Chinese agricultural markets were raised in the talks but little progress was made.

The White House said in a statement that a scheduled March 2 tariff increase on $200 billion of Chinese goods to 25 percent from 10 percent was a “hard deadline” if no deal was reached by March 1.

---- The U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods are just one front in Trump’s efforts to upend the global trading order with his “America First” strategy. He has also imposed global tariffs on imported steel and aluminium, washing machines and solar panels and has threatened to raise tariffs on imported cars unless Japan and the European Union offer trade concessions.
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Study: U.S. dairy farmers could lose $1.3 billion in exports without Japan trade deal

Jan. 30, 2019 / 6:20 PM
EVANSVILLE, Ind., Jan. 30 (UPI) -- U.S. dairy farmers could lose $1.3 billion in exports over the next decade unless the Trump administration brokers a favorable trade deal with Japan, a new industry-funded study says.

Japan is currently the fourth-largest export destination for U.S. dairy exports, according to the report released by the U.S. Dairy Export Council. However, Japan currently has favorable trade deals with Australia, New Zealand and the European Union. Those deals will allow those countries to overtake the U.S. in dairy exports in the coming years, the report says.

"These agreements will give our competition a significant economic advantage that will enable them to increase their market share in Japan, costing the U.S. dairy industry billions of dollars in lost sales," Tom Vilsack, the dairy export council's president and CEO, said in a statement.

"U.S. dairy farmers and processors strongly support the administration's launch of trade talks with Japan," Vilsack said. "We hope this report provides fresh ammunition to our negotiators about why a strong U.S.-Japan agreement is so important for American agriculture."

The export council sent its report, released Wednesday, to administration officials and members of Congress in hopes it will spur them to seek a deal.

"U.S. dairy farmers are facing economic hardships, and expanding opportunities overseas is the best way to counter that," said Jim Mulhern, president and CEO of the National Milk Producers Federation. "A trade deal with Japan that significantly expands dairy access would make 2019 a brighter year."
https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2019/01/30/Study-US-dairy-farmers-could-lose-13-billion-in-exports-without-Japan-trade-deal/5251548883357/?ts_tn_us=3

Germany, France, Britain to launch mechanism for trade with Iran

January 31, 2019 / 6:46 AM
PARIS/BERLIN (Reuters) - Germany, France and Britain have officially set up a European mechanism to facilitate non-dollar trade with Iran and circumvent U.S. sanctions, two diplomats said on Thursday.

The EU has been preparing the system, in effect a clearing house that avoids monetary transfers in dollars between the EU and Iran for months although it is unlikely to become operational for several months due to technical details.

German broadcaster NDR reported that the European Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) would be named INSTEX-Instrument In Support Of Trade Exchanges.

The idea is for the SPV to help preserve the economic benefits for Iran derived from the curbs it placed on its nuclear program under a 2015 deal with world powers.

Europe has been keen to show good faith toward Iran since U.S. President Donald Trump withdrew from the deal last year.

The entity is not likely to revive trade with Iran to begin with as its focus will primarily be food, medicine and humanitarian, with transactions small. It will not be used for oil-related transactions that have been hit hard by U.S. sanctions.

“It won’t change things dramatically, but it’s an important political message to Iran to show that we are determined to save the JCPOA and also the United States to show we defend our interests despite their extraterritorial sanctions,” one European diplomat said.
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You may be sure that the Americans will commit all the stupidities they can think of, plus some that are beyond imagination.

Charles de Gaulle

Technology Update.
With events happening fast in the development of solar power and graphene, I’ve added this section. Updates as they get reported. Is converting sunlight to usable cheap AC or DC energy mankind’s future from the 21st century onwards?

Waterproof graphene electronic circuits

Date: January 30, 2019

Source: FECYT - Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology

Summary: Water molecules distort the electrical resistance of graphene, but a team of researchers has discovered that when this two-dimensional material is integrated with the metal of a circuit, contact resistance is not impaired by humidity. This finding will help to develop new sensors -- the interface between circuits and the real world -- with a significant cost reduction.

The many applications of graphene, an atomically-thin sheet of carbon atoms with extraordinary conductivity and mechanical properties, include the manufacture of sensors. These transform environmental parameters into electrical signals that can be processed and measured with a computer.

Due to their two-dimensional structure, graphene-based sensors are extremely sensitive and promise good performance at low manufacturing cost in the next years.

To achieve this, graphene needs to make efficient electrical contacts when integrated with a conventional electronic circuit. Such proper contacts are crucial in any sensor and significantly affect its performance.

But a problem arises: graphene is sensitive to humidity, to the water molecules in the surrounding air that are adsorbed onto its surface. H2O molecules change the electrical resistance of this carbon material, which introduces a false signal into the sensor.

However, Swedish scientists have found that when graphene binds to the metal of electronic circuits, the contact resistance (the part of a material's total resistance due to imperfect contact at the interface) is not affected by moisture.

"This will make life easier for sensor designers, since they won't have to worry about humidity influencing the contacts, just the influence on the graphene itself," explains Arne Quellmalz, a PhD student at KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Sweden) and the main researcher of the research.

The study, published in the journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, has been carried out experimentally using graphene together with gold metallization and silica substrates in transmission line model test structures, as well as computer simulations.

"By combining graphene with conventional electronics, you can take advantage of both the unique properties of graphene and the low cost of conventional integrated circuits." says Quellmalz, "One way of combining these two technologies is to place the graphene on top of finished electronics, rather than depositing the metal on top the graphene sheet."

As part of the European CO2-DETECT project, the authors are applying this new approach to create the first prototypes of graphene-based sensors. More specifically, the purpose is to measure carbon dioxide (CO2), the main greenhouse gas, by means of optical detection of mid-infrared light and at lower costs than with other technologies.
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Another weekend and while much of America freezes, the FBI investigates whether this is how Putin’s Russia is taking over America. Meanwhile Waltzing Matilda, down under, is sweating from record heat. Here in sclerotic Europe much of Europe has snow, including much of GB. That means cars in ditches, walls, and into each other, planes and trains grounded, and all of it blamed by the BBC and other fake media on Brexit! Have a great weekend everyone.
Hell has frozen over

The low temperature was minus 15 degrees in Hell, an unincorporated community in Livingston County, Michigan. The high temperature was minus 4, prompting some on social media to note that Hell had literally frozen over. 

The monthly Coppock Indicators finished January.

DJIA: 24,999 +76 Down. NASDAQ: 7,282 +124 Down. SP500: 2,704 +71 Down. 
Normally this would suggest more correction still to come, but with President Trump wanting to be judged by the performance of the stock market and the Fed’s Plunge Protection Team now officially part of President Trump’s re-election team, probably the safest action here is fully paid up synthetic double options on most of the major indexes.